{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:46:37Z","timestamp":1764783997726,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>1,3,4\u2010Oxadiazole and imidazolidine rings are important heterocyclic compounds exhibiting a variety of biological activities. In this study, novel compounds with oxadiazole and imidazolidine rings were synthesized from <jats:italic>3\u2010(methylsulfonyl)\u20102\u2010oxoimidazolidine\u20101\u2010carbonyl chloride<\/jats:italic> and screened for insecticidal activities. The proposed structures of the 17 synthesized compounds were confirmed using elemental analysis, infrared (IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H\u2010NMR), and mass spectroscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>None of the compounds showed larvicidal activity at the tested concentrations against first\u2010instar <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> larvae. However, nine compounds exhibited promising adulticidal activity, with mortality rates of \u226580% at 5 \u00b5g per mosquito. Further dose\u2013response bioassays were undertaken to determine median lethal dose (LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) values. Compounds <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>2b<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>2c<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>2d<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>2 g<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>3b<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>3c<\/jats:bold>, <jats:bold>3 g,<\/jats:bold> and <jats:bold>3 h<\/jats:bold> were effective, with typical LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values of about 5 \u2212 10 \u00b5g per mosquito against female <jats:italic>Ae<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>aegypti<\/jats:italic>. Compounds <jats:bold>2c<\/jats:bold> (bearing a nitro group on the aromatic ring; LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 2.80 \u00b1 0.54 \u00b5g per mosquito) and <jats:bold>3 h (<\/jats:bold>double halogen groups at 2,4 position on the phenyl ring; LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> = 2.80 \u00b1 0.54 \u00b5g per mosquito) were the most promising compounds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preliminary mode of action studies failed to show consistent evidence of either neurotoxic or mitochondria\u2010directed effects. Further chemical synthesis within this series may lead to the development of new effective insecticides. \u00a9 2017 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,4]],"date-time":"2017-09-04T07:12:54Z","timestamp":1504509174000},"page":"413-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Synthesis and structure\u2013activity relationships of carbohydrazides and 1,3,4\u2010oxadiazole derivatives bearing an imidazolidine moiety against the yellow fever and dengue vector, <scp><i>Aedes aegypti<\/i><\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Fatih","family":"Tok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Marmara University  Istanbul 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