{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:46:00Z","timestamp":1790747160821,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,25]],"date-time":"2019-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sublethal exposure to neonicotinoids, a popular class of agricultural pesticides, can lead to behavioral effects that impact the health of pollinators. Therefore, new compounds, such as flupyradifurone (FPF), have recently been developed as \u2018safer\u2019 alternatives. FPF is an excitotoxic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, similar to neonicotinoids. Given the novelty of FPF, what data exist are focused mostly on assessing the effect of FPF on pollinator mortality. One important avenue for investigation is the potential effect of FPF on the sensitivity of nectar foragers, such as <jats:italic>Apis mellifera<\/jats:italic>, to sucrose concentrations. Neonicotinoids can alter this sucrose responsiveness and disrupt foraging. Compounding this effect, neonicotinoid\u2010containing solutions are preferred by <jats:italic>A. mellifera<\/jats:italic> over pure sucrose solutions. We therefore conducted four studies, administering FPF under both acute and chronic conditions, and at field\u2010realistic and higher than field\u2010realistic doses, to assess the influence of FPF exposure on sucrose responsiveness and sucrose solutions with FPF in <jats:italic>A. mellifera<\/jats:italic> nectar foragers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found no evidence that FPF exposure under acute or chronic field\u2010realistic conditions significantly altered sucrose responsiveness, and we did not find that bees exposed to FPF consumed more of the solution. However, at the much higher median lethal dose (48\u2009h), among bees that survived, FPF\u2010exposed foragers responded to significantly lower concentrations of sucrose than controls and responded at significantly higher rates to all concentrations of sucrose than controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found no evidence that FPF alters the sucrose responsiveness of nectar foragers at field\u2010realistic doses during winter or early spring, but caution and further investigation are warranted, particularly on the effects of FPF in conjunction with other stressors. \u00a9 2019 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.5554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T03:29:51Z","timestamp":1563247791000},"page":"111-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The novel butenolide pesticide flupyradifurone does not alter responsiveness to sucrose at either acute or chronic short\u2010term field\u2010realistic doses in the honey bee, <i>Apis mellifera<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0556-6153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather Christine","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime Edilberto","family":"Benavides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corina Noelle","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer Rose Evershed","family":"Navratil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine University of Edinburgh  Edinburgh UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James Charles","family":"Nieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution University of California San Diego  La Jolla California 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