{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T23:09:04Z","timestamp":1781478544292,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623283200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":325,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006481","name":"Cotton Incorporated","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006481","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015\u201070006\u201024281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015\u201070006\u201024281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thrips (order Thysanoptera) infestations of cotton seedlings result in plant injury, increasing the detrimental consequences of other challenges to production agriculture, such as abiotic stress or infestation by other pests. Using\n                      <jats:italic>Frankliniella fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a thrips species of focus, we empirically developed a composite model of thrips phenology and cotton seedling susceptibility to predict site\u2010specific infestation risk so that monitoring and other resources can be allocated efficiently, to optimize the timing of thrips control measures to maximize effectiveness, and to inform stakeholders about the dynamics of thrips infestation and cotton seedling injury at a time when thrips are evolving resistance to commonly\u2010used pesticides.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A mixture distribution model of thrips infestation potential, fit to data describing\n                      <jats:italic>F. fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                      adult dispersal in time, proved best for predicting infestations of\n                      <jats:italic>F. fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                      on cotton seedlings. Thrips generations occurring each year as a function of weather are represented as a probability distribution. A model of cotton seedling growth was also developed to predict susceptibility as a function of weather. Combining these two models resulted in a model of seedling injury, which was validated and developed for implementation as a software tool.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Experimental validation of the implemented model demonstrated the utility of its output in predicting infestation risk. Successful implementation and use of the software tool derived from this model was enabled by close cooperation with university extension personnel, agricultural consultants, and growers, underscoring the importance of stakeholder and expert input to the success of applied analytical research. \u00a9 2020 Society of Chemical Industry<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.5954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T14:27:45Z","timestamp":1591799265000},"page":"4018-4028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Cotton thrips infestation predictor: a practical tool for predicting tobacco thrips (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Frankliniella fusca<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    ) infestation of cotton seedlings in the south\u2010eastern\n                    <scp>United States<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1399-5468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas M","family":"Chappell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Texas A&amp;M University  College Station TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca V","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Climate Office of North Carolina North Carolina State University  Raleigh NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelley T","family":"DePolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Climate Office of North Carolina North Carolina State University  Raleigh NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip M","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology University of Georgia  Tifton GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy K","family":"Greene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Clemson University  Blackville SC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George G","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State University  Raleigh NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/30.6.855"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/30.6.860"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/72.5.706"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/11.2.301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1990 Beltwide Cotton Production Research Conferences","author":"Reed JT","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci1998.0011183X003800020022x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2008 Beltwide Cotton Conferences","author":"Brown SM","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2009 Beltwide Cotton Conferences","author":"Roberts PM","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b06015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture. Cotton Insect Guide: Thrips. Available:http:\/\/guide.utcrops.com\/cotton\/cotton-insect-guide\/thrips[21 September 2019]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"MichaudJP. Cotton insects: Thrips (Thysanoptera). Available:http:\/\/entomology.k\u2010state.edu\/extension\/insect\u2010information\/crop\u2010pests\/cotton\/thrips.html[19 November 2019]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"RobertsPMToewsM Georgia cotton news: thrips management. Available:http:\/\/www.ugacotton.com\/2014\/05\/thrips-management-roberts-and-toews[19 November 2019]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"ReisigDD. Should you spray for cotton thrips? Available:http:\/\/cotton.ces.ncsu.edu\/2015\/05\/should-you-spray-for-cotton-thrips[19 November 2019]."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"BrownS KernsD LeonardR Early season thrips management strategies in cotton. 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