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Over the past decade, spinetoram has been extensively applied in control of the two closely related thrips\n                      <jats:italic>Megalurothrips usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Frankliniella intonsa<\/jats:italic>\n                      worldwide, while whether its resistance is implicated in mediating interspecific interplay of the two thrips remains elusive to date.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Field population dynamics (from 2017 to 2019) demonstrated a trend toward displacement of\n                      <jats:italic>F. intonsa<\/jats:italic>\n                      by\n                      <jats:italic>M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      on cowpea crops, supporting an existing interspecific competition. Following exposure to spinetoram,\n                      <jats:italic>M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      became the predominate species, which suggests the use of spinetoram appears to be responsible for mediating interspecific interactions of the two thrips. Further annual and seasonal analysis (from 2016 to 2020) of field\u2010evolved resistance dynamics revealed that\n                      <jats:italic>M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      developed remarkably higher resistance to spinetoram compared to that of\n                      <jats:italic>F. intonsa<\/jats:italic>\n                      , implying a close relationship between evolution of spinetoram resistance and their competitive interactions. After 12 generations of laboratory selection, resistance to spinetoram in\n                      <jats:italic>M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>F. intonsa<\/jats:italic>\n                      increased up to 64.50\u2010fold and 28.33\u2010fold, and the average realized heritability (\n                      <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      ) of resistance was calculated as 0.2550 and 0.1602, respectively. Interestingly, two\u2010sex life table analysis showed that the spinetoram\u2010resistant strain of\n                      <jats:italic>F. intonsa<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibited existing fitness costs, but not the\n                      <jats:italic>M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . These indicate that a rapid development of spinetoram resistance and the lack of associated fitness costs may be the mechanism underlying recent dominance of\n                      <jats:italic>M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      over\n                      <jats:italic>F. intonsa<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, our results uncover the involvement of insecticide resistance in conferring displacement mechanism behind interspecific competition, providing a framework for understanding the significance of the evolutionary relationships among insects under ongoing changing environments. These findings also can be invaluable in proposing the most appropriate strategies for sustainable thrips control programs. \u00a9 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T03:24:14Z","timestamp":1644981854000},"page":"2129-2140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Spinetoram resistance drives interspecific competition between\n                    <i>Megalurothrips usitatus<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Frankliniella intonsa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7578-4941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Buli","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Engineering Technology for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture Yangtze University  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