{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T16:09:55Z","timestamp":1782835795112,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tissue homeostasis is essential for both morphogenesis and maintaining function. In insects, intestinal homeostasis is critical for growth and development. The midgut is key in food digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune response.\n                      <jats:italic>Locusta migratoria<\/jats:italic>\n                      is among the most damaging agricultural pests worldwide. Identifying a suitable target gene is important for RNA interference (RNAi)\u2010based pest control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, RNAi\u2010mediated knockdown of the 20S proteasome\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      subunit 3 of\n                      <jats:italic>L. migratoria<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) caused atrophy of the midgut and gastric caecum in fourth\u2010 and fifth\u2010instar nymphs as well as adult locusts. This deficiency also led to a decrease in body length and weight, eventually resulting in mortality. Histological analysis using haematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      knockdown damaged columnar epithelial cells and regenerative cells, with the nucleus disappearing due to cell cycle inhibition. Additionally, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in the ds\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      group were higher than those in the double\u2010stranded green fluorescent protein (ds\n                      <jats:italic>GFP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) group. Moreover, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the double\u2010stranded\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ds\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) group were reduced.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      is essential for midgut homeostasis and survival, influencing the growth and development of locusts. These findings help clarify the functions of\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      in maintaining midgut health.\n                      <jats:italic>LmPros\u03b23<\/jats:italic>\n                      could be a potential target gene for RNAi\u2010based locust control. \u00a9 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T11:01:06Z","timestamp":1756119666000},"page":"8533-8542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<scp>RNAi<\/scp>\n                    of\n                    <scp>20S<\/scp>\n                    proteasome\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>\u03b2<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    subunit 3 inhibits midgut homeostasis and the survival of the migratory locust,\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Locusta migratoria<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0375-1458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences Hebei University  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences Hebei University  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences Hebei University  Baoding 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