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Continuous isolation and genomic characterization of potent indigenous strains are crucial for strengthening vector control strategies. This study aimed to assess the larvicidal efficacy, genomic features, plasmid architecture and environmental safety of a novel Indian isolate,\n                      <jats:italic>Bti<\/jats:italic>\n                      VCRC B646.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Bti<\/jats:italic>\n                      VCRC B646 (JBAMKE010000000) exhibited potent larvicidal activity against\n                      <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Anopheles stephensi<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , with median lethal concentrations (LC\u2085\u2080) values of 0.0067, 0.0085 and 0.0072\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , respectively, and LC\u2089\u2080 values of 0.0112, 0.0146 and 0.0129\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Whole\u2010genome sequencing revealed a 6.6\u2010Mbp genome (34.83% GC) comprising a chromosome and seven plasmids, including one harboring insecticidal toxin genes (Cry4A, Cry4B, Cry11A, Cry10Aa, Cry15A, Cyt1, Cyt2). Comparative genomics (ANI, dDDH, phylogeny) confirmed its identity as\n                      <jats:italic>Bti<\/jats:italic>\n                      , closely related to the WHO\u2010reference strain\n                      <jats:italic>Bti<\/jats:italic>\n                      AM65\u201052. SDS\u2010PAGE and toxin gene mining validated \u03b4\u2010endotoxins and accessory chitinases and metalloproteases. Secondary metabolite biosynthetic clusters, phage elements and mobile genetic elements were identified, whereas no major human pathogenic markers were detected. Nontarget aquatic organisms remained unaffected at \u226430\u2010fold LC\u2089\u2080 doses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Bti<\/jats:italic>\n                      VCRC B646 demonstrates exceptional larvicidal potency and genomic richness, with plasmid\u2010borne \u03b4\u2010endotoxins and biosynthetic versatility. Its strong efficacy, safety profile and ecological adaptability underscore its potential as a next\u2010generation, sustainable microbial larvicide for integrated vector management. \u00a9 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T02:10:13Z","timestamp":1759111813000},"page":"761-778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comprehensive genomic analysis and functional characterization of a new entomopathogenic strain,\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Bacillus thuringiensis<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    subsp.\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>israelensis<\/i>\n                      VCRC B646\n                    <\/scp>\n                    , antagonistic to mosquito vectors 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