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Plants with accessible nectar and early bloom together with herbivore\u2010induced plant volatiles, such as phenylacetaldehyde (Pal) and methyl salicylate (MeSA), could enhance populations of\n                      <jats:italic>Aphelinus mali<\/jats:italic>\n                      Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a main parasitoid of\n                      <jats:italic>Eriosoma lanigerum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Hausmann) (Hemiptera: Aphididae).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The extrafloral nectary plant species\n                      <jats:italic>Euphorbia segetalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was attractive to\n                      <jats:italic>A. mali<\/jats:italic>\n                      , whereas the floral\u2010nectary plants\n                      <jats:italic>Calendula officinalis, Eruca vesicaria<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Moricandia arvensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , as well as the extrafloral nectary plant\n                      <jats:italic>Vicia faba<\/jats:italic>\n                      , Pal, and MeSA showed no attraction. The most promising nectar resources were\n                      <jats:italic>V. faba<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Vicia sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      . In the first survival experiment,\n                      <jats:italic>V. faba<\/jats:italic>\n                      significantly increased the survival of\n                      <jats:italic>A. mali<\/jats:italic>\n                      (10.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4\u2009days) compared with unfed females (4.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8\u2009days), whereas in the second survival experiment, both\n                      <jats:italic>V. faba<\/jats:italic>\n                      (9.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u2009days) and\n                      <jats:italic>V. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      (6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8\u2009days) significantly improved survival compared with unfed females (2.5\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7\u2009days). However, no differences in egg load were observed when\n                      <jats:italic>A. mali<\/jats:italic>\n                      females fed on different nectar resources.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>Euphorbia segetalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a promising attractant plant for\n                      <jats:italic>A. mali<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Meanwhile,\n                      <jats:italic>V. faba<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>V. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      are promising nectar resources to sustain the parasitoid in early spring when the population of\n                      <jats:italic>Eriosoma lanigerum<\/jats:italic>\n                      is low, and honeydew is scarce. These first results should be complemented with field assays for a better understanding of the effects of these plant species on\n                      <jats:italic>A. mali<\/jats:italic>\n                      . \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Pest Management Science<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:55:46Z","timestamp":1768208146000},"page":"3955-3963","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Towards an attract\u2010and\u2010reward strategy: evaluating nectar resources and\n                    <scp>HIPVs<\/scp>\n                    under laboratory conditions to enhance\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Aphelinus mali<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    parasitism activity, a key parasitoid of\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Eriosoma lanigerum<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Luis Guillermo","family":"Montes\u2010Bazurto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Sustainable Plant Protection Programme  Cabrils Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Alins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Fruit Production Programme, Fruitcentre  Lleida Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Alomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRTA, Sustainable Plant Protection Programme  Cabrils Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Quero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Chemistry 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