{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:56:08Z","timestamp":1792180568059,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sustainable nanotechnology, particularly chitosan (CS)\u2010based biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs), offers an eco\u2010friendly delivery system compared\u00a0to conventional techniques. Potato virus Y (PVY) causes severe potato yield losses and reduces tuber quality. Its control is challenging owing to nonpersistent aphid transmission, especially by\n                      <jats:italic>Myzus persicae,<\/jats:italic>\n                      the most efficient vector. Chemical insecticides lead to environmental pollution, health risks, and resistance, highlighting the need for alternatives. This study assessed pure CS, thyme essential oil (TEO)\u2010loaded CS, CS\u2010lecithin (LH) encapsulated TEO, and TEO alone for their ability to block PVY transmission by\n                      <jats:italic>M.\u2009persicae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . To the best of our knowledge, no prior studies have examined the CS\u2009+\u2009LH\u2009+\u2009TEO formulation's effect on aphid\u2010mediated PVY transmission.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results clearly indicate that all NP formulations significantly reduced aphid vectored transmission of PVY to healthy plants and inhibited virus acquisition from infected sources. The CS\u2009+\u2009LH\u2009+\u2009TEO and pure TEO treatments were the most effective, with CS\u2009+\u2009LH\u2009+\u2009TEO reducing transmission by 50.0% and pure TEO suppressing acquisition by 57.5%. Moreover, these formulations, especially CS\u2009+\u2009LH\u2009+\u2009TEO, substantially enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, increased proline levels, and upregulated expression of the defense genes\n                      <jats:italic>PAL\u20101<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>PR\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                      . As a result, accumulation of post\u2010PVY infection oxidative stress markers H\u2082O\u2082 and MDA was considerably lower in NP\u2010treated plants, emphasizing their protective effect against membrane damage.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, TEO was successfully encapsulated using CS and LH. Although previous research has primarily focused on the individual effects of CS and TEO on aphids, the inhibitory effect of CS\u2009+\u2009LH\u2009+\u2009TEO NPs on PVY transmission and acquisition by aphids offers a promising avenue for developing novel integrated pest management strategies. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T05:22:08Z","timestamp":1768886528000},"page":"3978-3992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A comprehensive investigation of the effect of thyme oil\u2010loaded chitosan nanoparticles on aphid\u2010mediated transmission of potato virus Y"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4011-7302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammet","family":"Ekemen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Production and Technologies Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University  Ni\u011fde Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5337-5883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c7i\u011fdem","family":"Uluba\u015f Ser\u00e7e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Department of Plant Production and Technologies Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir University  Ni\u011fde Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40858-025-00713-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-1398-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-019-04231-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.10.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2011.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md8040968"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects14120949"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Insecticidal activities of Thymus vulgaris essential oil and its components (thymol and carvacrol) against larvae of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)","volume":"30","author":"Szczepanik M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allelopathy J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2021.105885"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1303\/aez.34.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"331","article-title":"Rice grassy stunt virus\u2010free and pathogenic rice plants affect the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens St\u00e5l) life cycle","volume":"55","author":"Phatthalung TN","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agric Nat Resour"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2022.114804"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2018.1521511"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods9121884"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2011.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2017.06.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/la9008834"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109327"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"126","article-title":"Impact of chitosan nanoparticles as insecticide and nematicide against Spodoptera littoralis, Locusta migratoria, and Meloidogyne incognita","volume":"21","author":"Alfy H","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Cell Biotechnol Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17221\/67\/2010-PPS"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings9030165"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2019.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2021.101230"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21276\/ijlssr.2018.4.2.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2010.12.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2016.02.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-34-3-475"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(00)00242-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00239989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pcp.a076232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026730008917"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00018060"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/000113776"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpta.2021.100119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2013.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2020.114426"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/epoly-2022-0090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.09.085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2018.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12142223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2020.112824"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26134055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-010-4065-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md8051567"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","first-page":"1781","article-title":"Enhancement of thermal stability and antioxidant activity of thyme essential oil by encapsulation in chitosan nanoparticles","volume":"18","author":"Barzegar M","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Agric Sci Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01932691.2023.2296593"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883911503039019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","first-page":"274","article-title":"Antifeedants impact of plant essential oil on green peach aphid on potato crops","volume":"23","author":"Abualfia R","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ecol Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11947-013-1160-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013206517442"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17159\/sajs.2022\/10693"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14102151"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14081830"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.158212"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10070666"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11738-010-0477-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy12123064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmpp.2024.102346"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140510178"}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.70530","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ps.70530","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.70530","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:35:32Z","timestamp":1784680532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.70530"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.70530"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.70530","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}