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The effectiveness of chemical fungicides is being increasingly challenged by pathogen resistance and environmental pollution, underscoring the urgent need for eco\u2010friendly biocontrol alternatives. Herein, we report the antifungal potential of bioactive components in\n                      <jats:italic>Saussurea costus<\/jats:italic>\n                      against\n                      <jats:italic>M. oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and explore the underlying mechanism.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Essential oil (EO) from\n                      <jats:italic>Saussurea costus<\/jats:italic>\n                      roots was screened from the plant EOs library, and exhibited excellent preventive effects against\n                      <jats:italic>M. oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      at a concentration of 100\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Bio\u2010guided isolation of\n                      <jats:italic>Saussurea costus<\/jats:italic>\n                      EO identified dehydrocostus lactone (DHLC) as the active ingredient. The chemical structure of DHLC was determined through spectroscopic analyses. DHLC displayed potent antifungal activity, with half\u2010maximal effective concentration (EC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) values of 17.76\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      and 9.88\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      against conidial germination and appressorium formation, respectively. DHLC disrupted cell wall integrity and membrane permeability and inhibited autophagy in\n                      <jats:italic>M. oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . DHLC also demonstrated broad\u2010spectrum protective effects against several other species of phytopathogenic fungi.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results of our study demonstrate that DHLC isolated from\n                      <jats:italic>Saussurea costus<\/jats:italic>\n                      roots prevents rice blast disease by inhibiting the infection\u2010related morphogenesis of\n                      <jats:italic>M. oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , highlighting its potential as an alternative bioagent to control fungal diseases in plants. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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