{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:54:57Z","timestamp":1786978497845,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pine wilt disease caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      can devastate the pine forest ecosystem. Lignification is a vital strategy to help hosts resist pathogens, but how\n                      <jats:italic>B. xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      effectors regulate the lignin biosynthesis of pine trees are unknown.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, we identified a\n                      <jats:italic>B. xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      neprilysin effector BxNEP1, which rose in the three\n                      <jats:italic>B. xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      transcriptomes of different infection stages. We demonstrated that BxNEP1 is required for\n                      <jats:italic>B. xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      reproduction and virulence during parasitic stages. Silencing of the\n                      <jats:italic>BxNEP1<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene resulted in the upregulation of pathogenesis\u2010related (PR) genes\n                      <jats:italic>PtPR\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>PtPR\u20105<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>PtPR\u20106<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>PtLOX\u20105<\/jats:italic>\n                      , as well as increased endogenous jasmonic acid levels in\n                      <jats:italic>Pinus thunbergii<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Protein\u2013protein interaction assays further confirmed that BxNEP1 interacts with a\n                      <jats:italic>P. thunbergii<\/jats:italic>\n                      caffeic acid\n                      <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010methyltransferase (PtCOMT), which is a major enzyme in lignin biosynthesis. Gene expression pattern indicated that BxNEP1 overcame PtCOMT quickly in the interaction between\n                      <jats:italic>B. xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>thunbergii<\/jats:italic>\n                      at early infection stage. Furthermore, BxNEP1 effectively inhibited lignin biosynthesis by directly suppressing the gene expression of\n                      <jats:italic>PtCOMT<\/jats:italic>\n                      or indirectly downregulating\n                      <jats:italic>PtCOMT<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression through reducing JA production.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In conclusion, when\n                      <jats:italic>B. xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      secretes BxNEP1 into pines, BxNEP1 inhibits lignin biosynthesis in pine trees through two distinct regulatory mechanisms to promote nematode parasitism. This study unveils a novel mechanism exploited by nematodes to suppress plant immunity, which can lead to the development of new strategies for\n                      <jats:italic>B. xylophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                      control in pines. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T05:54:53Z","timestamp":1776837293000},"page":"7535-7548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A neprilysin effector from the pinewood nematode\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    targets pine caffeic acid\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>O<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    \u2010methyltransferase and inhibits lignin biosynthesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2393-9291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Rui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1889-1388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong\u2010Yue","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Jun","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0312-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Long\u2010Jiao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Ren","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Qin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Co\u2010Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry and Grassland, College of Soil and Water Conservation Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11676-021-01432-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-02-21-0396-RE"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Biological durability of pine wood","volume":"18","author":"Brischke C","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater Sci Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Research progress of pine wilt disease","volume":"41","author":"Ye JR","year":"2022","journal-title":"Forest Pest Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-04-23-0113-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/f14010154"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/f13091419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","article-title":"Studies on the requirement of transthyretin protein (BxTTR\u201052) for the suppression of host innate immunity in Bursaphelenchus xylophilus","volume":"23","author":"Wen TY","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pest Manag Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810797"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemic status of pine wilt disease in China and its prevention and control techniques and counter measures. In","volume":"55","author":"Ye JR","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Sil Sin"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-phyto-080516-035649"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.768693"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171647"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2022.2083939"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.13334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14939"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.13121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6805"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137452"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-022-03567-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126435"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"1026","article-title":"Pine wilt disease: a global threat to forestry","volume":"73","author":"Back MA","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3186\/jjphytopath.55.170"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10310-010-0246-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","first-page":"236","article-title":"Pathogenesis in pine wilt caused by pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus","volume":"20","author":"Myers RF","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Nematol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.5823"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.155119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3059.2007.01607.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/15685411-00002788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40858-018-0267-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koac372"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.01355"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10310-013-0417-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.12638"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","article-title":"Phenylpropane metabolic research of Pinus massoniana infected by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus","author":"Qian WQ","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cent South Univ For Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-020-03514-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.13001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.13.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006182908528"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-021-02993-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12280"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12261"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-1878(200103)23:3<261::AID-BIES1036>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.06.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0434.2008.01489.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10658-020-02031-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03819-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2229-12-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/15685411-00002690"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23126417"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-012-1294-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/b96-230"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.937473"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koaf070"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.128258"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01498"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20041753"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35888"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.phyto.44.070505.143425"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15030295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9070551"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01565"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2007.00422.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182011002071"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2010.00675.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.164"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc9531"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20440"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgg.2025.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20194"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.14166"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12671"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpad018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-011-0899-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8407"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.16223"}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.70817","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ps.70817","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.70817","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T07:43:19Z","timestamp":1783842199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.70817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.70817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.70817","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}