{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:41:00Z","timestamp":1791560460533,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The fall armyworm,\n                      <jats:italic>Spodoptera frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is a devastating agricultural pest whose rapid population expansion and increasing crop damage are driven by its exceptional reproductive capacity. While glutathione S\u2010transferases (GSTs) are well known for their roles in insecticide detoxification, their functions in male reproduction remain largely unexplored.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Here, we identified a testis\u2010expressed GST gene,\n                      <jats:italic>SfGSTe11<\/jats:italic>\n                      (LOC118265997) in\n                      <jats:italic>S. frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                      through transcriptome sequencing and confirmed its testis\u2010specific expression pattern via real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010qPCR). CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated knockout of\n                      <jats:italic>SfGSTe11<\/jats:italic>\n                      resulted in a significant reduction in egg hatching rates when mutant males were crossed with wild\u2010type females. Phenotype analysis revealed markedly reduced testis size and a substantial decrease in total sperm bundle counts in mutant males. Fluorescence microscopy further demonstrated the loss of\n                      <jats:italic>SfGSTe11<\/jats:italic>\n                      specifically disrupts the head morphology of eupyrene (nucleated) sperm, while apyrene (anucleated) sperm development remains unaffected. Transcriptomic profiling of mutant testes uncovered significant down\u2010regulation of genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum protein processing, longevity regulating pathways, and glycerolipid metabolism.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Collectively, these findings establish a novel and essential role for a testis\u2010specific GST in male reproduction in\n                      <jats:italic>S. frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                      , expanding our understanding of insect GST functional diversity and identifying\n                      <jats:italic>SfGSTe11<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a promising molecular target for genetic pest management strategies. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:45:56Z","timestamp":1777520756000},"page":"8215-8224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The testis\u2010specific gene\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>SfGSTe11<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    regulates eupyrene sperm morphogenesis and is indispensable for male reproduction in a global pest,\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Spodoptera frugiperda<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9275-0831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection 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