{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T16:41:18Z","timestamp":1786293678610,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Root\u2010knot nematodes (RKN;\n                      <jats:italic>Meloidogyne incognita<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) cause severe losses in tomato production, driving the need for sustainable control strategies. Methyl thiobutyrate (MTB), a volatile organic compound produced by the biocontrol bacterium\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>\n                      Bc\u2010cm103, was investigated for its nematicidal activity and underlying modes\u2010of\u2010action (MoAs).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MTB exhibits direct contact toxicity, with a 12\u2010h median lethal concentration (LC\u2085\u2080) of 48\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      against second\u2010stage juveniles (J2) and a median effective concentration (EC\u2085\u2080) of 89\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      for inhibiting egg hatching. In pot assays, soil drenching with MTB at 100\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      reduced gall formation by 89.8%, whereas application at 20\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      achieved 84.6% control efficacy. Additionally, when applied as a volatile fumigant without direct root contact, MTB provided 41.7% control efficacy. Furthermore, split\u2010root and foliar spray assays revealed that MTB triggers plant defense responses suggestive of induced systemic resistance in tomato plants, achieving control efficacies of 60.5% and 45%, respectively. Mechanistic studies revealed that MTB disrupts nematode cell membrane integrity and induces apoptotic\u2010like morphological changes associated with upregulation of\n                      <jats:italic>MI\u2010asp1<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Transcriptome analysis of MTB\u2010treated tomato roots showed significant enrichment of defense\u2010related pathways, including plant hormone signal transduction (SA\/JA\/ET), MAPK signaling and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, providing molecular evidence for the observed systemic resistance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MTB controls RKN through a dual MoA involving direct contact toxicity, fumigant activity and the induction of systemic resistance in plants. This multifaceted activity highlights MTB's significant potential as an eco\u2010friendly nematicide for integrated nematode management. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T03:51:50Z","timestamp":1780285910000},"page":"9272-9284","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Methyl thiobutyrate: A microbial volatile compound with dual modes\u2010of\u2010action against root\u2010knot nematodes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4818-4935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 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