{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:15:55Z","timestamp":1789172155444,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014800","name":"Tarimsal Ara\u015ftirmalar ve Politikalar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarim Ve Orman Bakanli\u011fi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014800","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Climate change, characterized by rising atmospheric CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n and temperature fluctuations, significantly alters crop\u2010weed interactions and weed management efficacy. This study evaluated the interactive effects of elevated CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n (400, 600, 800, and 1000\u2009ppm) and temperature regimes (26\/16\u00b0C and 29\/19\u00b0C) on the biomass accumulation of\n Xanthium strumarium<\/jats:italic>\n and the efficacy of two herbicides with distinct modes of action: trifloxysulfuron\u2010sodium (systemic, ALS inhibitor) and fluometuron (soil\u2010active, PSII inhibitor).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n Elevated CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n concentration up to 1000\u2009ppm at the optimal temperature (26\/16\u00b0C) significantly stimulated the vegetative growth and dry biomass of\n X. strumarium<\/jats:italic>\n . Crucially, dose\u2013response analyses revealed that this climate\u2010driven accelerated growth did not induce herbicide resistance; rather, it increased the weed's susceptibility to the systemic herbicide. Elevated CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n facilitated the translocation of trifloxysulfuron\u2010sodium due to increased plant metabolism, thereby significantly lowering ED\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n values. In contrast, the efficacy of the soil\u2010applied fluometuron remained highly stable and unaffected by variations in either CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n or temperature.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n \n The interaction between climate change variables and chemical weed control is fundamentally driven by the herbicide's mode of action. While elevated CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n acts as a fertilizer for\n X. strumarium<\/jats:italic>\n , the resulting rapid growth paradoxically increases the efficacy of systemic herbicides by accelerating the movement of active ingredients. Meanwhile, soil\u2010active herbicides like fluometuron offer a climate\u2010resilient weed management strategy. Future studies should incorporate molecular approaches to fully elucidate these mode\u2010of\u2010action\u2010specific physiological responses under changing climatic conditions. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n Pest Management Science<\/jats:italic>\n published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T06:36:12Z","timestamp":1782887772000},"page":"10303-10311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of elevated\n CO<\/scp>\n 2<\/sub>\n and temperature on cocklebur (\n \n X<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n anthium strumarium<\/i>\n L.) and its herbicide response"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3297-6860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Islam Emrah","family":"Suer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diyarbak\u0131r Plant Protection Research Institute, Department of Herbology Diyarbak\u0131r T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nihat","family":"Tursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection Malatya Turgut Ozal University Malatya T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13088"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00910"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. 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