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Although\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas chlororaphis<\/jats:italic>\n                      IRHB3 is known to promote soybean growth and suppress fungal diseases, however, its efficacy against SMV has remained unclear. This study evaluated IRHB3 impacts on SMV infection and explored the underlying physiological and molecular mechanism.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Foliar application of IRHB3 significantly reduced SMV disease index, with control efficacy of 52.69%, and decreased viral accumulation in inoculated and systemic leaves. IRHB3 also alleviated SMV\u2010induced growth inhibition and partially rescued yield\u2010related traits. Mechanistically, IRHB3 preserved chloroplast ultrastructure and mitigated photosynthetic damage, increasing net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll contents by 29.95%, 36.11%, and 24.31%, respectively, relative to SMV\u2010infected plants, while also improving chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (effective quantum yield of photosystem II (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03a6<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>PSII<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), electron transport rate (ETR), non\u2010photochemical quenching (NPQ), and the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv\/Fm)). In parallel, IRHB3 elevated antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and thereby alleviated oxidative damage. IRHB3 also up\u2010regulated photosynthesis\u2010related genes and activated defense\u2010associated genes in the jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results indicate that IRHB3 protects soybean against SMV through coordinated effects on viral accumulation, chloroplast integrity, photosynthetic performance, redox homeostasis, and hormone\u2010mediated immunity, highlighting its potential as a biocontrol agent for viral diseases management in soybean. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T05:54:38Z","timestamp":1782885278000},"page":"10471-10482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>\n                      <i>Pseudomonas chlororaphis<\/i>\n                      IRHB3\n                    <\/scp>\n                    suppresses Soybean\n                    <scp>mosaic virus<\/scp>\n                    by coordinating photosynthetic protection,\n                    <scp>ROS<\/scp>\n                    homeostasis and hormone\u2010mediated immunity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7680-9784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University  Chengdu P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanru","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University  Chengdu P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University  Chengdu P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiying","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Economic Crops Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science  Nanning P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zudong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Economic Crops Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science  Nanning P. R. 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