{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:10:09Z","timestamp":1785550209042,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005329","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Phytopathogens have long compromised the yield and quality of crops worldwide, and the overuse of conventional synthetic pesticides has engendered a series of ecological and environmental issues. Consequently, the development of low\u2010toxicity, high\u2010efficacy and environmentally benign pesticides has become an urgent imperative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using the natural product formononetin as starting material, a series of formononetin derivatives bearing benzoxazinone moiety were designed and synthesized, and their\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      antifungal activities against 10 phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated. The results revealed that\n                      <jats:bold>J21<\/jats:bold>\n                      exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect against\n                      <jats:italic>Phomopsis<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. (\n                      <jats:italic>Ps<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), with a median effective concentration (EC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) of 7.58\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , which was significantly superior to that of the commercial fungicide azoxystrobin (\n                      <jats:bold>Az<\/jats:bold>\n                      , 30.32\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). In\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      antifungal assays, at a concentration of 200\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:bold>J21<\/jats:bold>\n                      displayed curative and protective activities of 56.1% and 66.8% against kiwifruit soft rot, respectively, outperforming\n                      <jats:bold>Az<\/jats:bold>\n                      (47.8% and 63.3%). Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that\n                      <jats:bold>J21<\/jats:bold>\n                      induces morphological deformation and damage to hyphae, disrupts cell membrane integrity, triggers oxidative stress and interferes with normal physiological metabolism of the pathogen. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further indicated that\n                      <jats:bold>J21<\/jats:bold>\n                      possesses favorable electronic structural properties.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>J21<\/jats:bold>\n                      displays promising antifungal activity and represents a potential lead compound for antifungal development. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T01:46:31Z","timestamp":1785548791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design, synthesis and bioactivity of 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and Development Center for Fine Chemicals Guizhou University  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals Guizhou University  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals Guizhou University  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4471-5414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals Guizhou University  Guiyang 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