{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T02:13:15Z","timestamp":1788574395574,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012547","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The discovery of lead compounds is critical for the development of new herbicides. To obtain novel potential lead compounds, herbicidal activities of a series of benzothiazole derivatives were evaluated in this study. Mechanistic investigation and structural optimization were subsequently conducted for the most active compound.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      5\u2010fluorobenzothiazol\u20102\u2010amine (\n                      <jats:bold>C25<\/jats:bold>\n                      ) exhibited the most potent inhibition effect against root (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20094.50\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and shoot growth (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u200911.13\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) of\n                      <jats:italic>Bidens pilosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      L. seedlings among all tested compounds. It also showed good crop selectivity, with no significant inhibitory effect on the growth of maize seedlings. Compound\n                      <jats:bold>C25<\/jats:bold>\n                      treatment caused severe damage in the root tip of\n                      <jats:italic>B. pilosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      , including cell viability decrease and cell membrane integrity loss due to the excessive reactive oxygen species accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis results revealed that the expression level of key genes in auxin signal transduction pathway, including members of the AUX\/IAA, ARF, GH3, and SAUR families, were significantly altered in seedlings of\n                      <jats:bold>C25<\/jats:bold>\n                      \u2010treated group. Molecular docking further identified that auxin influx carrier 1 (AUX1) is a possible target protein. Finally, a series of\n                      <jats:bold>C25<\/jats:bold>\n                      derivatives were designed and synthesized, and part of the derivatives also exhibited marked herbicidal activity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compound\n                      <jats:bold>C25<\/jats:bold>\n                      is a new potential lead compound for the development of novel pre\u2010emergence herbicides with potent activity, good selectivity, synthetic accessibility and structural modifiability. It may inhibit weed seedling growth through a unique dual mechanism including the induction of excessive oxidative stress and the disruption of IAA signal transduction pathway. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T01:30:14Z","timestamp":1788571814000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Discovery, validation, and mechanistic investigation of 5\u2010fluorobenzothiazol\u20102\u2010amine as a potential lead compound for pre\u2010emergence herbicide development"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Jianghong","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio\u2010Environment and Agric\u2010Product Safety National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education  Nanning 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Agriculture Guangxi University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2475-8599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenwei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio\u2010Environment and Agric\u2010Product Safety National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education  Nanning China"},{"name":"College of Agriculture Guangxi University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0104-9661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fayang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agrio\u2010Environment and Agric\u2010Product Safety National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education  Nanning China"},{"name":"College of Agriculture Guangxi University  Nanning 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