{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T05:16:58Z","timestamp":1788153418545,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Apriona swainsoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a wood\u2010boring pest whose larvae feed on recalcitrant plant xylem and occupy diverse niches. Gut microbiota play a vital role in assisting the host to degrade lignocellulose for nutrient acquisition. However, the compartment\u2010specific mechanism of microbial lignocellulose degradation in different intestinal regions remains unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using multi\u2010omics analyses, we identified six cellulase genes three with corresponding protein expression), 21 hemicellulase genes (six with corresponding protein expression), and 40 lignin\u2010degrading enzyme genes (12 with corresponding protein expression) encoded by the larval gut microbiota. PCoA revealed highly significant spatial divergence of lignocellulolytic proteins across discrete gut compartments (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). Metabolomic data further validated a sequential, stepwise lignocellulose degradation cascade proceeding from foregut (FG) to midgut (MG), anterior hindgut (AHG), and posterior hindgut (PHG), where lignin undergoes thorough breakdown mainly in the AHG and PHG. Taxonomic annotation confirmed genera including\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      (relative abundance, 2.35E\u201004),\n                      <jats:italic>Gibbsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      (1.14E\u201004),\n                      <jats:italic>Raoultella<\/jats:italic>\n                      (1.00E\u201004) and\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      (1.09E\u201005) dominate lignin degradation. Enzymatic assays demonstrated peak activities in\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      A3 for lignin peroxidase (3.75\u2009\u00b1\u20090.25\u2009U\/mL), manganese peroxidase (0.85\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09\u2009U\/mL), and neutral xylanase (1.47\u2009\u00b1\u20090.00\u2009U\/mL), while\n                      <jats:italic>Raoultella terrigena<\/jats:italic>\n                      A2 exhibited the maximum laccase activity (0.75\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06\u2009nmol\/min\/L).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study reveals that larvae of\n                      <jats:italic>A. swainsoni<\/jats:italic>\n                      perform compartmentalized lignocellulose degradation by selectively enriching functional gut symbionts. Efficient lignin depolymerization acts as the core adaptive trait that allows this beetle to occupy unique wood\u2010feeding niches. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T04:25:00Z","timestamp":1788150300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stepwise lignocellulose degradation in\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Apriona swainsoni<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    : the role of gut microbiota"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Resources and Environment Anhui Vocational and Technical College of Forestry  Hefei China"},{"name":"Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"School of life science University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Resources and Environment Anhui Vocational and Technical College of Forestry  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changlong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Anhui University of Chinese Medicine  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baozhong","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1581-1538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daqiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Anhui University of Chinese Medicine  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262010143","article-title":"The microbiome as a protagonist of xylophagous insects in adaptation to environmental conditions and climate change","volume":"26","author":"Kuprin A","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2020.101498","article-title":"Role of various bacterial enzymes in complete depolymerization of lignin: a 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