{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:07:23Z","timestamp":1789016843387,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The southern green stink bug (SGSB),\n                      <jats:italic>Nezara viridula<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is a globally distributed hemipteran pest that damages many economically important crops. Its midgut supports digestion, defense, symbiosis, and interactions with orally delivered control agents, yet the cellular composition of this tissue remains poorly characterized. We therefore developed a single\u2010cell transcriptomic atlas of the\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>viridula<\/jats:italic>\n                      midgut.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single\u2010cell RNA sequencing of two biological replicates yielded a quality\u2010filtered data set of 13,763 cells. Unsupervised clustering identified 12 transcriptionally distinct populations with putative annotations, including a stem cell\/enteroblast (SC\/EB)\u2010like population, seven enterocyte\u2010related populations, goblet\u2010like cells, enteroendocrine cells, visceral muscle cells, and an extracellular\u2010matrix\u2010associated epithelial population. Enterocyte\u2010related populations accounted for more than 77% of recovered cells. Putative annotations were assigned primarily from marker gene enrichment and homology to markers reported in other insects. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses identified population\u2010associated functional enrichment patterns, and pseudotime analysis suggested transcriptional relationships between the SC\/EB\u2010like population and several enterocyte\u2010 and secretory\u2010associated populations without establishing developmental lineages. Immune\u2010 and defense\u2010associated transcripts were preferentially enriched in the pEC2 population, and genes associated with symbiont recognition, insecticide action, xenobiotic transport, and orally delivered double\u2010stranded RNA showed population\u2010biased expression. Descriptive comparisons with published insect midgut data sets identified shared and data\u2010set\u2010specific patterns among annotated populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This atlas provides the first single\u2010cell transcriptomic resource for a stink bug midgut and establishes a descriptive cellular framework for SGSB midgut biology. The dataset prioritizes candidate genes and cell populations for future spatial validation, functional testing, and studies of hemipteran midgut physiology, symbiosis, immunity, and pest\u2010management\u2010relevant traits. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T04:10:36Z","timestamp":1789013436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Single\u2010cell transcriptomic landscape of the southern green stink bug (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Nezara viridula<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    ) midgut"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2212-4771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surjeet Kumar","family":"Arya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology University of Kentucky  Lexington KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas A","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Arts &amp; Science Imaging Center &amp; Department of Biology University of Kentucky  Lexington KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0873-3247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subba Reddy","family":"Palli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology University of Kentucky  Lexington KY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420042429","volume-title":"Stink Bugs of Economic Importance in America North of Mexico","author":"McPherson JE","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420041859","volume-title":"Heteroptera of Economic Importance","author":"Schaefer CW","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.49.061802.123310","article-title":"Mechanisms of hopperburn: an overview of insect taxonomy, behavior, and physiology","volume":"50","author":"Backus EA","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Entomol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.42.1.99","article-title":"Wild hosts of pentatomids: ecological significance and role in their pest status on crops","volume":"42","author":"Panizzi AR","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annu Rev Entomol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4308","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00067-07","article-title":"Insect\u2010microbe mutualism without vertical transmission: a stinkbug acquires a beneficial gut symbiont from the environment every generation","volume":"73","author":"Kikuchi Y","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040337","article-title":"Strict host\u2010symbiont cospeciation and reductive genome evolution in insect gut bacteria","volume":"4","author":"Hosokawa T","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2010.150","article-title":"An ancient but promiscuous host\u2013symbiont association between Burkholderia gut symbionts and their heteropteran hosts","volume":"5","author":"Kikuchi Y","year":"2011","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s13355-011-0066-6","article-title":"Obligate association with gut bacterial symbiont in Japanese populations of the southern green stinkbug Nezara viridula (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)","volume":"46","author":"Tada A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl Entomol Zool"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0969-x","article-title":"The single\u2010cell transcriptional landscape of mammalian organogenesis","volume":"566","author":"Cao J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1916820117","article-title":"A cell atlas of the adult Drosophila midgut","volume":"117","author":"Hung R\u2010J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.06.009","article-title":"Regional cell\u2010specific transcriptome mapping reveals regulatory complexity in the adult Drosophila midgut","volume":"12","author":"Dutta D","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2020.103496","article-title":"Heterogeneity of midgut cells and their differential responses to blood meal ingestion by the mosquito, Aedes aegypti","volume":"127","author":"Cui Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2023.104043","article-title":"Single\u2010nucleus sequencing of silkworm larval midgut reveals the immune escape strategy of BmNPV in the midgut during the late stage of infection","volume":"164","author":"Xia J","year":"2024","journal-title":"Insect Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s10340-024-01828-4","article-title":"Cellular and functional heterogeneity of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) midgut: a single\u2010cell RNA sequencing analysis","volume":"98","author":"Arya SK","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pest Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2024.110898","article-title":"Deciphering cellular heterogeneity in Spodoptera frugiperda midgut cell line through single cell RNA sequencing","volume":"116","author":"Arya SK","year":"2024","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2019.03.003","article-title":"DoubletFinder: doublet detection in single\u2010cell RNA sequencing data using artificial nearest neighbors","volume":"8","author":"McGinnis CS","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"TrapnellC CacchiarelliDandQiuX Monocle: Cell counting differential expression and trajectory analysis for single\u2010cell RNA\u2010Seq experiments. Bioconductorhttps:\/\/www.bioconductor.org\/packages\/release\/bioc\/html\/monocle.html(2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2859","article-title":"The dynamics and regulators of cell fate decisions are revealed by pseudotemporal ordering of single cells","volume":"32","author":"Trapnell C","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1832-y","article-title":"OrthoFinder: phylogenetic orthology inference for comparative genomics","volume":"20","author":"Emms DM","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D373","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaa1007","article-title":"OMA orthology in 2021: website overhaul, conserved isoforms, ancestral gene order and more","volume":"49","author":"Altenhoff AM","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D309","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1085","article-title":"eggNOG 5.0: a hierarchical, functionally and phylogenetically annotated orthology resource based on 5090 organisms and 2502 viruses","volume":"47","author":"Huerta\u2010Cepas J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","article-title":"clusterProfiler 4.0: a universal enrichment tool for interpreting omics data","volume":"2","author":"Wu T","year":"2021","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1002\/wics.147","article-title":"ggplot2","volume":"3","author":"Wickham H","year":"2011","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Comput Stat"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07329","article-title":"Paracrine wingless signaling controls self\u2010renewal of Drosophila intestinal stem cells","volume":"455","author":"Lin G","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.71275","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ps.71275","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.71275","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T04:10:40Z","timestamp":1789013440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.71275"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.71275"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.71275","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ps.71275"}}