{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:08:52Z","timestamp":1789178932927,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C2025301024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C2025301024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cucumber Fusarium wilt, caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum<\/jats:italic>\n                      f. sp.\n                      <jats:italic>cucumerinum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is aggravated by fusaric acid, a phytotoxic virulence factor that can disrupt rhizosphere microbial communities. Spent mushroom substrate can suppress Fusarium wilt, but whether this protection is linked to reduced fusaric acid stress in the rhizosphere remains unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Spent mushroom substrate adsorbed fusaric acid\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and reduced its transfer through natural soil. Adsorption fitted the Langmuir\u2013Freundlich isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 52.72\u2009\u03bcg\u2009g\n                      <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n                      , and followed pseudo\u2010second\u2010order kinetics. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chemical blocking assays implicated secondary amide groups as key binding sites. In a dual\u2010chamber pot system, 1% spent mushroom substrate reduced fusaric acid transfer to the cucumber rhizosphere from 15.75, 31.50 and 62.29\u2009\u03bcg\u2009g\n                      <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n                      soil to 3.25, 8.31 and 15.49\u2009\u03bcg\u2009g\n                      <jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>\n                      soil under low, medium and high fusaric acid inputs, respectively. In nonsterile soil, spent mushroom substrate reduced the disease index by 19\u201326%, whereas this suppressive effect was not observed in sterile soil. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding showed that medium and high fusaric acid inputs reduced bacterial richness and diversity and shifted community structure. Under high fusaric acid exposure, the relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      declined from 3.18 to 2.19%, but was maintained at 2.96% with spent mushroom substrate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spent mushroom substrate protects cucumber against Fusarium wilt partly by adsorbing fusaric acid and reducing its inhibitory effects on beneficial rhizobacteria. This adsorption\u2010mediated mechanism supports spent mushroom substrate as a sustainable, microbiome\u2010friendly amendment for managing soil\u2010borne Fusarium diseases. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:02:16Z","timestamp":1789178536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spent mushroom substrate adsorbs fusaric acid to protect the cucumber rhizosphere microbiome and suppress fusarium wilt caused by\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Fusarium oxysporum<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    f. sp.\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>cucumerinum<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3051-9507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanhang","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences\/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province\/ International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences\/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province\/ International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lemeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhe","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences\/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province\/ International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0907-2732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harro","family":"Bouwmeester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Hormone Biology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences\/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province\/ International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinggang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences\/IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province\/ International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-phyto-021722-034823"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-11-20-2401-RE"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2025.116531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49218-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imo2.70006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.5.2229-2235.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02574-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03492-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2018.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.109763"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2018.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2020.103245"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-025-07567-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-92162-4_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.3c02496"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15091983"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b807080f"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9030100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0104-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-025-02109-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/b04-067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.967885"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-017-0889-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2025.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2023.136779"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2023.123888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.01.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2022.102323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.143424"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.10.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.12.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0032-9592(98)00112-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2009.09.013"}],"container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.71289","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ps.71289","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ps.71289","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:02:17Z","timestamp":1789178537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ps.71289"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ps.71289"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.71289","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-498X","1526-4998"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-498X","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4998","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ps.71289"}}