{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:03:24Z","timestamp":1790161404339,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n \n Cowpea is a vital vegetable crop in tropical regions, but the\n Megalurothrips usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n causes severe yield losses. Emamectin benzoate is widely used for control; however, resistance has emerged and the molecular basis remains unclear.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n This investigation demonstrates through bioassay analysis that field populations exhibit 9.4\u2010fold higher resistance to emamectin benzoate relative to the laboratory susceptible population, accompanied by significantly elevated basal P450 enzyme content. Pharmacological inhibition of P450 activity using piperonyl butoxide (PBO) significantly increased susceptibility to emamectin benzoate, with a synergistic ratio of 6.49. Transcriptomic profiling and quantitative real\u2010time PCR (RT\u2010qPCR) analyses revealed that\n CYP4C175<\/jats:italic>\n expression is significantly upregulated in response to increasing concentrations and exposure time under emamectin benzoate stress(\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05), with maximal expression observed at 24\u2009h post\u2010LC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n treatment. Transgenic\n Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>\n strains engineered to overexpress\n CYP4C175<\/jats:italic>\n demonstrated significantly enhanced emamectin benzoate tolerance, with LC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n values 7.7\u2010fold higher than those of wild\u2010type controls (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). Conversely, RNA interference (RNAi)\u2010mediated silencing of\n CYP4C175<\/jats:italic>\n reduced P450 content and increased susceptibility to emamectin benzoate by 2.74\u2010fold in\n M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). Furthermore,\n CYP4C175<\/jats:italic>\n participates in the regulation of ecdysteroid (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH) signaling. Gene silencing significantly reduced hormone titers and pupation rates.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n \n These findings establish\n CYP4C175<\/jats:italic>\n as the principal functional gene mediating emamectin benzoate metabolic resistance in\n M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n , while concurrently fulfilling multiple biological functions in growth, development, and reproductive regulation. This research provides fundamental molecular targets for resistance monitoring and the development of sustainable, environmentally responsible management strategies against\n M. usitatus<\/jats:italic>\n . \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:07:21Z","timestamp":1790158041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metabolic resistance to emamectin benzoate mediated by\n \n CYP4C175<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n and its dual regulatory functions in development and reproduction of\n \n Megalurothrips usitatus<\/i>\n <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University Sanya China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianbao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University Danzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Wenjin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University Danzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haifeng","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University Danzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"jinhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University Sanya China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University Sanya China"},{"name":"School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University Danzhou China"},{"name":"School of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Hainan University Haikou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8485-8965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University Sanya China"},{"name":"School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Hainan University Danzhou China"},{"name":"School of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Hainan University Haikou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/insects15060412","article-title":"A maximum dose bioassay to assess efficacy of spinetoram against cowpea thrip Megalurothrips usitatus in China","volume":"15","author":"Yu H","year":"2024","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Research progress on yardlong bean breeding in China","volume":"11","author":"Li T","year":"2023","journal-title":"North Hortic"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Dynamic monitoring of major pest and disease outbreaks in Yardlong beans in Sanya City","volume":"37","author":"Yuan WF","year":"2017","journal-title":"China Plant Prot"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"331","article-title":"New report of the exotic species Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting three 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