{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:07:20Z","timestamp":1789708040055,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007699","name":"University of Georgia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n \n Wild pigs (\n Sus scrofa<\/jats:italic>\n ) are an invasive species that cause environmental and agricultural damage. Trapping is a common management tool, but baits often attract nontarget species, reducing bait availability and trap effectiveness. Using remote cameras, we compared untreated corn with corn treated with egg\u2010garlic repellent (EGR), blood meal, synthetic capsaicin and natural capsaicin to evaluate whether deterrents could reduce nontarget bait consumption while maintaining wild pig visits.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n Generalized linear mixed models revealed white\u2010tailed deer (\n Odocoileus virginianus<\/jats:italic>\n ) consumed corn less frequently at all treatments except low concentration synthetic capsaicin and spent less time consuming moderate\u2010concentration EGR bait. Wild pig and raccoon (\n Procyon lotor<\/jats:italic>\n ) bait consumption frequency did not differ among treatments, although wild pigs spent more time consuming blood meal bait and less time consuming high concentration synthetic capsaicin than untreated corn.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n \n Our results suggest that white\u2010tailed deer visitations can be reduced at bait sites treated with deterrents without significantly reducing wild pig visitations, but none consistently reduced raccoon or wild turkey consumption. Thus, deterrents can improve wild pig baiting effectiveness by deterring some nontarget species to minimize bait loss and improve trapping efficiency for wild pig management. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n Pest Management Science<\/jats:italic>\n published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:44:53Z","timestamp":1789706693000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of deterrents in minimizing nontarget species consumption of bait used for attracting wild pigs (\n Sus scrofa<\/i>\n )"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5355-4860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlin A","family":"Kupferman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River Ecology Laboratory University of Georgia Aiken SC USA"},{"name":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"DeNicola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"White Buffalo, Inc. Moodus CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Sumrall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pig Brig Moodus CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9707-3713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James C","family":"Beasley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Savannah River Ecology Laboratory University of Georgia Aiken SC USA"},{"name":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Invasive Wild Pigs in North America: Ecology, Impacts, and Management","author":"VerCauteren KC","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.70247","article-title":"Wild pigs, wild costs: the economic consequences of wild pig invasions in the United States","volume":"82","author":"McKee SC","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pest Manag Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Invasive Wild Pigs in North America: Ecology, Impacts, and Management","author":"Ditchkoff SS","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061565"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"51","volume-title":"Wild Pigs: Biology, Damage, Control Techniques, and Management","author":"Comer CE","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.22304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10530-023-03230-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.21436"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"European Wild Hog Bait Enhancement Study","author":"Wathen G","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2022.105705","article-title":"No panacea attractant for wild pigs, but season and location matter","volume":"254","author":"Snow NP","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Anim Behav Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8834"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"304","article-title":"Review of methods to reduce livestock depredation II. 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