{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:03:03Z","timestamp":1790229783735,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001797","name":"Curtin University of Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000980","name":"Grains Research and Development Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000980","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n \n Fungicides are essential for controlling crop diseases and sustaining agricultural productivity, but the escalating emergence of resistance threatens their long\u2010term efficacy and global food security. Recent advances in liquid chromatography coupled with high\u2010resolution mass spectrometry enable accurate quantification of fungicide distribution. When combined with concurrent assessment of spatial variation of pathogen performance during infection, this enables a clear understanding of both fungicide efficacy and factors influencing the selection pressure leading to fungicide resistance. This study used the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide fluxapyroxad and the barley pathogen\n Pyrenophora teres f<\/jats:italic>\n .\n maculata<\/jats:italic>\n (\n Ptm<\/jats:italic>\n ; the causal agent of spot form net blotch) as a model system to investigate how within\u2010plant fungicide concentrations influence pathogen genotype\u2010specific responses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n Fluxapyroxad, applied as a seed treatment, was later quantified across multiple leaves along the main stem of barley across growth stages. Fluxapyroxad concentrations were correlated with disease severity following inoculation with fungicide\u2010sensitive and fungicide\u2010reduced\u2010sensitive genotypes of\n Ptm<\/jats:italic>\n . The fungal load and pathogen genotype proportion were quantified using digital polymerase chain reactions (PCR) to understand shifts in the genotype\u2010dependent response in the presence of fluxapyroxad. Our results showed distinct fungicide concentration gradients between barley leaves, which correlated with variations in disease severity and pathogen genotype proportions.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n \n These results establish a quantitative link between spatial fungicide heterogeneity within plants and pathogen genotype responses, demonstrating that local fungicide concentration drives differential selection within plant tissues. The findings provide an empirical foundation for refining fungicide application strategies to sustain efficacy, reduce unnecessary inputs, and delay the evolution of fungicide resistance. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n Pest Management Science<\/jats:italic>\n published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:52:57Z","timestamp":1790229177000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\n In planta<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n fluxapyroxad gradients from seed treatment differentially select fungicide\u2010sensitive and reduced\u2010sensitive genotypes of\n \n Pyrenophora teres<\/i>\n f.\n maculata<\/i>\n <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6363-9226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arundhati","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0459-7794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Czislowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5379-544X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Gibberd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2380-3805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kefei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0527-732X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J","family":"Lopez\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0598-9626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M Jordi","family":"Muria\u2010Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin 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