{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:58:34Z","timestamp":1790657914166,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The brown planthopper (BPH),\n                      <jats:italic>Nilaparvata lugens<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is a destructive rice pest across Asia. Suppressing insect development is enduring goals in insect pest management, underpinning the action of existing insecticides and guiding the design of new ones. Insect molting, which is tightly regulated by ecdysteroid signaling, is essential for insect growth and development. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play critical roles in ecdysteroid biosynthesis, and identifying P450 genes involved in this process may provide new insights into insect developmental regulation and potential targets for pest control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Here, we identify NlCYP417A1, a planthopper specific P450, as an essential regulator of molting and cuticle remodeling.\n                      <jats:italic>NlCYP417A1<\/jats:italic>\n                      is predominantly expressed in the cuticle. RNA interference\u2010mediated knockdown severely impairs ecdysis, leading to incomplete cuticle shedding, elongated body shape, and final lethality. Mechanistically,\n                      <jats:italic>NlCYP417A1<\/jats:italic>\n                      silencing suppresses Halloween family gene expression, reducing 20\u2010hydroxyecdysone (20E) titers and disrupting downstream 20E signaling, including ecdysone receptor (\n                      <jats:italic>EcR<\/jats:italic>\n                      )\/ultraspiracle (\n                      <jats:italic>USP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), early response genes (\n                      <jats:italic>E93<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>E75<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>E74A<\/jats:italic>\n                      ),\n                      <jats:italic>HR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>FTZ\u2010F1<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Finally, silencing\n                      <jats:italic>NlCYP417A1<\/jats:italic>\n                      down\u2010regulates chitinolytic enzyme genes and multiple cuticular protein genes, which provides a compelling explanation for the abnormal molting observed in the test insects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study reveals an essential role of NlCYP417A1 in regulating ecdysteroid biosynthesis and nymphal molting, expanding our understanding of CYP450\u2010mediated developmental regulation in insects. \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  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