{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:51:24Z","timestamp":1791517884159,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The fall armyworm,\n                      <jats:italic>Spodoptera frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is a destructive pest threatening global food security. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a promising eco\u2010friendly control strategy, which relies on exploring genes regulating male fertility. Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) act as molecular chaperones and participate in insect reproduction, yet their roles in lepidopteran dimorphic spermatogenesis remain poorly understood.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Here, we functionally characterized a testis\u2010enriched sHSP gene,\n                      <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2<\/jats:italic>\n                      , in\n                      <jats:italic>S. frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Using CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated knockout, we found that loss of\n                      <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2<\/jats:italic>\n                      caused severe morphological defects in eupyrene sperm bundles and reduced the abundance of apyrene sperm bundles. Mutant sperm could be transferred normally to the female bursa copulatrix but failed to migrate to the spermatheca, eventually leading to male\u2010specific near\u2010sterility. Transcriptome analysis revealed that\n                      <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutation disturbed energy metabolism and stress response pathways in testes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results demonstrate that\n                      <jats:italic>SfHsp20.2<\/jats:italic>\n                      is essential for dimorphic sperm development and sperm migration. This gene represents a potential candidate target for SIT\u2010based management of\n                      <jats:italic>S. frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                      . \u00a9 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:41:32Z","timestamp":1791517292000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>\n                      <i>SfHsp20.2<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    is required for male fertility by controlling eupyrene sperm bundle morphogenesis and sperm migration in the fall armyworm"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9275-0831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management 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