{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:40:07Z","timestamp":1792647607706,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n \n Euschistus heros<\/jats:italic>\n (Fabricius, 1798) is a major soybean pest in Brazil, managed primarily with chemical insecticides. From 2017 to 2026, we monitored temporal variation in susceptibility and spatial variation in control failure likelihood (CFL) of\n E.\u2009heros<\/jats:italic>\n populations from Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil, to pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. Mortality was assessed using insecticides alone or in pre\u2010formulated mixtures at the highest recommended field rates.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n Mortality varied among populations and soybean growing seasons for all insecticides evaluated. Susceptibility to \u03bb\u2010cyhalothrin and acetamiprid was low but variable across populations until 2024\/25 and particularly low in 2025\/26, when mortality was <17% for most populations exposed to \u03bb\u2010cyhalothrin and\u2009<37% for all populations exposed to acetamiprid. Bifenthrin and imidacloprid showed more recent declines in susceptibility, with mortality of 33.3\u201356.7% and 26.2\u201383.3%, respectively, in 2025\/26. Among pre\u2010formulated mixtures, susceptibility to \u03bb\u2010cyhalothrin + acetamiprid and bifenthrin + acetamiprid also declined in recent seasons, whereas \u03bb\u2010cyhalothrin + imidacloprid retained comparatively high activity. CFL was consistently high for \u03bb\u2010cyhalothrin, reaching 96% in some populations at some locations, and increased recently for acetamiprid and imidacloprid and some acetamiprid\u2010based mixtures. Overall, susceptibility showed distinct temporal trajectories among insecticides, whereas CFL varied substantially among populations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n \n Persistently low susceptibility of\n E.\u2009heros<\/jats:italic>\n to \u03bb\u2010cyhalothrin and acetamiprid, together with recent declines for bifenthrin, imidacloprid and some pyrethroid\u2013neonicotinoid mixtures, indicate reduced insecticide performance under laboratory conditions relative to the selected efficacy threshold. These findings highlight the need for continued susceptibility monitoring and insecticide resistance management strategies based on effective insecticides with distinct modes\u2010of\u2010action to preserve field efficacy. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n Pest Management Science<\/jats:italic>\n published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.71429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:27:41Z","timestamp":1792646861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Temporal variation in susceptibility of\n Euschistus heros<\/i>\n (\n Hemiptera: Pentatomidae<\/scp>\n ) to pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, and spatial patterns of control failure likelihood in southern\n Brazil<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Luiz F","family":"Warpechowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otavio","family":"Liberalesso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2849-8886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela N","family":"Godoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur","family":"Dallanora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica LS","family":"Grzybowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venicius E","family":"Pretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon B","family":"Palharini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oderlei","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"S\u00e9rie hist\u00f3rica de \u00e1rea plantada por produto \u2013 Safra 2025\/26, 11\u00b0 levantamento","author":"Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (CONAB)","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3945","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8097","article-title":"The first extensive analysis of species composition and abundance of stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on soybean crops in Brazil","volume":"80","author":"Saldanha AV","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pest Manag Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s13744-013-0167-8","article-title":"Economic thresholds in soybean\u2013integrated pest management: old concepts, current adoption, and adequacy","volume":"42","author":"Bueno AF","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neotrop 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