{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T04:15:04Z","timestamp":1768796104434,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a public interest in developing bio\u2010surfactants due to their low toxicity and high biodegradation potential. However, their biological, surface, and behavior to use with agrochemicals has not been investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) for the synthetic surfactant dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS), the bio\u2010surfactant rhamnolipid (RL), and the bio\u2010surfactant surfactin (SF) were 1200, 50, and 50\u2009mg\u2009L\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , respectively. Based on the ability of the surfactants to reduce the surface tension of trifloxysulfuron\u2010sodium spray solution at 0.25 to 1\u00d7 CMC, they are ranked SF\u2009&gt;\u2009RL\u2009&gt;\u2009DOSS, while at 1.5 to 4\u00d7 CMC, they are ranked SF\u00a0=\u00a0RL\u2009&gt;\u2009DOSS. Without surfactant, trifloxysulfuron\u2010sodium at 10.04\u2009g\u2009ha\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      reduced johnsongrass growth up to 50% (ED\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). At best, SF at 1 to 4\u00d7 CMC halved ED\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Unlike DOSS, which increased ED\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      (12.89\u2009g\u2009ha\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) due to a phytotoxic effect, SF and RL at 4\u00d7 CMC decreased ED\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      (5.19 and 6.50\u2009g\u2009ha\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , respectively) without a phytotoxic effect. A 5\u2010\u03bcl droplet containing SF dried faster due to greater spread on the leaf surface than other surfactants. Although the wetted area of the leaf with the droplet containing RL was wider than that of DOSS, it took longer to dry. This observation contradicts the previous theory.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In terms of dosage, safety, and efficacy, the RL and SF were comparable to DOSS in other tank\u2010mix with trifloxysulfuron\u2010sodium. It seems that RL also works as a humectant, while SF likely works as a wax solubilisant. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.7330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,2]],"date-time":"2023-01-02T10:29:26Z","timestamp":1672655366000},"page":"1578-1584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Biological, surface, and wetting behavior of bio\u2010surfactants tank\u2010mixed with trifloxysulfuron\u2010sodium on\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Sorghum halepense<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0209-4755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akbar","family":"Aliverdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture Bu\u2010Ali Sina University  Hamedan Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1614\/0890-037X(2002)016[0495:JSHDEO]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2007.523.525"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1614\/WT-05-033R.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1614\/WT-07-050.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3180.2012.00932.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/wet.2019.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26797"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10669-007-9041-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1759"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1662"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.791723"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3180.2008.00599.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-6664.2009.00353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/PFC-120004474"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2011.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2010.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0261-2194(94)90075-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043174500052218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006354732358"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agg2.20230"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2780380213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0890037X00040343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2008.05.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13031\/2013.25939"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1983-40632016v4638499"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2009.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2016.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2019.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2018.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2780360204"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"GaskinREandMurrayRJ Effect of surfactant concentration and spray volume on retention of organosilicone sprays on wheat: proceedings of the 50th New Zealand plant protection conference; 1997 Aug 11\u201313 Hamilton New Zealand pp.139\u2013142(1997).","DOI":"10.30843\/nzpp.1997.50.11364"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2004.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5022370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29335\/tals.2019.57.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dormancy and germination of johnsongrass seed (Sorghum halepense (L.) 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