{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:51:36Z","timestamp":1790725896356,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Insect pests cause major yield losses to\n                      <jats:italic>Gossypium hirsutum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , often requiring the use of chemical insecticides. To avoid human health, environmental and resistance problems, entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) can be used to control insect pests. In our study, the pathogenicity of\n                      <jats:italic>Metarhizium anisopliae<\/jats:italic>\n                      to\n                      <jats:italic>Oxycarenus hyalinipennis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was determined by the immersion method. Furthermore, the sublethal and lethal effects of\n                      <jats:italic>M. anisopliae<\/jats:italic>\n                      on the biological parameters of\n                      <jats:italic>O. hyalinipennis<\/jats:italic>\n                      were investigated by age\u2010stage, two\u2010sex life table software.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>M. anisopliae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection was lethal to the fourth instar of\n                      <jats:italic>O. hyalinipennis<\/jats:italic>\n                      with LC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      values of 8.84\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                      spores\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      . The sublethal and lethal concentrations of\n                      <jats:italic>M. anisopliae<\/jats:italic>\n                      not only affected the parental generation (F\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) but also the demographic parameters of the offspring of the filial generation (F\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). Transgenerational results of F\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      infected with\n                      <jats:italic>M. anisopliae<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed decreased net reproductive rate (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), intrinsic rate of increase (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and mean generation time (\n                      <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) compared to those of the control group. The larval developmental duration significantly decreased to 15.52 and 19.02\u2009days in the LC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      and LC\n                      <jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>\n                      groups, respectively, compared to 21.08\u2009days in the control group. There was a noteworthy decline in mean fecundity in the LC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      and LC\n                      <jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>\n                      groups, i.e., 16.0 and 20.96 eggs, compared to 33.26 eggs in the control group. Adult longevity was likewise considerably reduced in the LC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      and LC\n                      <jats:sub>20<\/jats:sub>\n                      treated groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study showed that\n                      <jats:italic>M. anisopliae<\/jats:italic>\n                      can have an enduring impact on the biological parameters of\n                      <jats:italic>O. hyalinipennis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which may enhance its use in eco\u2010friendly management programs. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.7568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T00:58:42Z","timestamp":1685494722000},"page":"3843-3851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Virulence and transgenerational effects of\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Metarhizium anisopliae<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    on\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Oxycarenus hyalinipennis<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Rana Farjad","family":"Shaukat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Insect Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Bahauddin Zakariya University  Multan 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