{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T01:35:21Z","timestamp":1792373721219,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Plutella xylostella<\/jats:italic>\n                      (L.) is a destructive pest of cruciferous crops worldwide that has evolved resistance to many insecticides. Here we examined the mode of inheritance, cross\u2010resistance profile, and potential mechanisms of emamectin benzoate resistance in a field\u2010derived strain of\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>xylostella<\/jats:italic>\n                      from Japan.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A field\u2010collected population of\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>xylostella<\/jats:italic>\n                      , was found to exhibit strong (&gt;\u2009150\u2010fold) resistance to emamectin benzoate in insecticide bioassays when compared with a laboratory susceptible strain. Genetic analysis showed that resistance is inherited as an autosomal, recessive trait, and is conferred by a single or a few closely linked loci. The emamectin benzoate resistant strain also exhibited resistance to abamectin, lepimectin, chlorantraniliprole, lufenuron, spinetoram, indoxacarb, fipronil, dieldrin, endosulfan and lambda\u2010cyhalothrin, demonstrating a remarkable multi\u2010resistance profile. Insecticide bioassays employing inhibitors of detoxification enzymes revealed that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) increased the toxicity of emamectin benzoate in the resistant strain by ten\u2010fold indicating the potential involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in avermectin resistance. Furthermore, cloning and sequencing of the primary receptor of avermectins, the GluCl channel, revealed the absence of target\u2010site mutations in the resistant strain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our data on the mode of inheritance and mechanisms of resistance to emamectin benzoate in a\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                      <jats:italic>xylostella<\/jats:italic>\n                      strain from Japan provide a foundation for the development of regional resistance management strategies. However, the high levels of phenotypic resistance in this strain to a diverse range of other insecticide classes available for control illustrate the challenges associated with the sustainable control of this important pest. \u00a9 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.7778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T10:08:10Z","timestamp":1695290890000},"page":"498-507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Characterization of emamectin benzoate resistance in the diamondback moth,\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Plutella xylostella<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Oplopoiou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Ecology and 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