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Traditional methods for RIFA nests detection are labor\u2010intensive and may not be scalable to larger field areas. This study aimed to develop an innovative surveillance system that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic dogs to automate the detection and geolocation of RIFA nests, thereby improving monitoring and control strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The designed surveillance system, through integrating the CyberDog robotic platform with a YOLOX AI model, demonstrated RIFA nest detection precision rates of &gt;90%. The YOLOX model was trained on a dataset containing 1118 images and achieved a final precision rate of 0.95, with an inference time of 20.16 ms per image, indicating real\u2010time operational suitability. Field tests revealed that the CyberDog system identified three times more nests than trained human inspectors, with significantly lower rates of missed detections and false positives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings underscore the potential of AI\u2010driven robotic systems in advancing pest management. The CyberDog\/YOLOX system not only matched human inspectors in speed, but also exceeded them in accuracy and efficiency. This study's results are significant as they highlight how technology can be harnessed to address biological invasions, offering a more effective, ecologically friendly, and scalable solution for RIFA detection. The successful implementation of this system could pave the way for broader applications in environmental monitoring and pest control, ultimately contributing to the preservation of biodiversity and economic stability. \u00a9 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T03:24:50Z","timestamp":1719804290000},"page":"5277-5285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The implementation of robotic dogs in automatic detection and surveillance of red imported fire ant nests"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4452-9182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems &amp; College of Ecology Lanzhou University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guijie","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems &amp; College of Ecology Lanzhou University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2943-4180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiamei","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems &amp; College of Ecology Lanzhou University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wennan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems &amp; College of Ecology Lanzhou University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augix Guohua","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Laboratory  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6141-255X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo GP","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s\u2010Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ambiente e Sociedade (PPGAS), State University of Goi\u00e1s (UEG)  Quirin\u00f3polis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hualong","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems &amp; College of Ecology Lanzhou University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Potential ecological impacts of red imported fire ants in eastern Australia","volume":"20","author":"Moloney SD","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Agric Urban Entomol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03405-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198734"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2016.03.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-019-1485-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.129552"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"The current status of research on Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in mainland China","volume":"5","author":"Lei W","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Myrmecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"NeupaneS MitraS FernandezIA SahaS MittalS ChenJet al. 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