{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T22:17:07Z","timestamp":1785363427594,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023\u201024\u2010197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\u201024\u2010197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pest Management Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spinosyns are a group of naturally occurring and semi\u2010synthetic insecticides with widespread utility in agriculture, including organic production systems. One example is spinetoram (Delegate), which is the only registered insecticide in New York State (for control of <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic> in vineyards) to which vinegar flies have not yet evolved high levels of resistance. However, low levels of resistance have been found in vineyard populations of <jats:italic>D. melanogaster<\/jats:italic>, and a highly resistant strain was obtained after only five selections (in the laboratory). We identified the <jats:italic>nAChR \u03b16<\/jats:italic> mutation (G275A) responsible for the resistance and developed a rapid, high\u2010throughput assay for resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surveys of collections made in 2023 show low levels of the resistance allele in four populations. A correlation was observed between vineyard use of spinetoram and frequency of the resistance allele, but not between county\u2010wide use of spinosyns and frequency of the resistance allele.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>One of the sites we monitored was previously surveyed in 2019 and the frequency of the resistance allele detected in 2023 had increased. Implications of these findings to resistance management of <jats:italic>D. melanogaster<\/jats:italic> are discussed. \u00a9 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T05:39:52Z","timestamp":1720676392000},"page":"5741-5745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Monitoring of the <scp><i>nAChRs\u03b16<\/i> G275A<\/scp> spinetoram resistance allele in <scp><i>Drosophila melanogaster<\/i><\/scp> populations from New York vineyards"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0765-1896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey G","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Cornell University  Ithaca NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastacia E","family":"Dressel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Cornell University  Ithaca NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert W","family":"Mertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology Cornell University  Ithaca NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Hesler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech Cornell University  Geneva NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9056-785X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greg","family":"Loeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech Cornell University  Geneva NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2023.106528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/toz039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6745"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2023.105508"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/BK9781849731492-00163"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Advances in Insect Physiology","author":"Geng 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