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This study involved the synthesis of 21 novel structural derivatives of 1\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010indole\u20103\u2010pyrazole\u2010mercaptoacetamide, followed by the assessment of their antibacterial properties.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The majority of the compounds under investigation exhibited inhibitory effects against\n                      <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Notably, compound\n                      <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                      demonstrated superior\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      inhibitory potency against\n                      <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic>\n                      with a median effective concentration (EC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) value of 2.57\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , outperforming Thiodiazole copper (\n                      <jats:bold>TC<\/jats:bold>\n                      ) (63.95\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and Bismerthiazol (\n                      <jats:bold>BT<\/jats:bold>\n                      ) (61.46\u2009\u03bcg\u2009mL\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). In glasshouse settings, compound\n                      <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                      displayed therapeutic efficacy (76.36%) and protective efficacy (88.02%) against rice bacterial leaf blight. Additionally, compound\n                      <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                      attenuated biofilm formation and extracellular polysaccharide secretion by\n                      <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and disrupted the cell membrane, thereby impeding bacterial proliferation. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes were predominantly associated with the bacterial type VI secretion system, biotin metabolism, the two\u2010component system, bacterial chemotaxis and flagellar assembly.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study presents a promising 1\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010indole\u20103\u2010pyrazole\u2010mercaptoacetamide compound as a novel antibacterial approach. Compound\n                      <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                      manifests inhibitory actions on\n                      <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic>\n                      growth by disrupting bacterial flagella assembly, biotin synthesis, the two\u2010component system and the type VI secretion system, showcasing substantial potential for novel antibacterial agent development. \u00a9 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.8864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T23:50:29Z","timestamp":1746402629000},"page":"5092-5102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Design, synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial activity and mechanism of novel 1\u2010\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>H<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    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