{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T13:54:09Z","timestamp":1781272449889,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Peptide Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There is a rising tide of concern about the antibiotic resistance issue. To reduce the possibility of antibiotic\u2010resistant infections, a new generation of antimicrobials must be developed. Antimicrobial peptides are potential alternatives to antibiotics that can be used alone or together with conventional antibiotics to combat antimicrobial resistance. In this work, lead compounds LP\u201023, DP\u201023, SA4, and SPO from previously published studies were synthesized by solid\u2010phase peptide synthesis and their antimicrobial evaluation was carried out against various bacterial and fungal strains. Peptide combinations with antibiotics were evaluated by using the checkerboard method and their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in combination was calculated by using the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index. Cytotoxicity evaluations of these peptides further confirmed their selectivity toward microbial cells. Based on the FIC values, LP\u201023, DP\u201023, and SPO demonstrated synergy in combination with gentamicin against a gentamicin\u2010resistant clinical isolate of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Salmonella typhimurium<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, seven combinations exhibited synergistic effects between peptide\/peptoids and the tested antibiotics. Additionally, almost all the combinations of peptides\/peptoids with amphotericin B and fluconazole also showed effective synergy against <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>spergillus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">niger<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>spergillus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">flavus<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>. The synergy found between LP\u201023, DP\u201023, SA4, and SPO with the selected antibiotics may have the potential to be used as a combination therapy against various microbial infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/psc.3446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,6]],"date-time":"2022-08-06T02:24:40Z","timestamp":1659752680000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Synergistic effects of short peptides and antibiotics against bacterial and fungal strains"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Lalita","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Jaypee University of Information Technology  Waknaghat Himachal Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6522-2008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gopal Singh","family":"Bisht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Jaypee University of Information Technology  Waknaghat Himachal Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.VMBF\u20100016\u20102015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2017.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2016.00194"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"3919","article-title":"The antimicrobial peptides and their potential clinical applications","volume":"11","author":"Lei J","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989\u2010020\u201010110\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.582779"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2021.1892072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2014.976613"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989\u2010021\u201010189\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02740"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/pac\u20102018\u20100707"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284\u2010012\u20100239\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2020.105665"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10060712"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2012.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.08.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10989\u2010019\u201009859\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2010.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cbdd.12182"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2014.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA02458C"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","unstructured":"CLSI.Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. 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