{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T20:11:15Z","timestamp":1785528675369,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,15]],"date-time":"2004-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1095206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Peptide Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anoplin is a decapeptide amide, GLLKRIKTLL\u2010NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> derived from the venom sac of the solitary spider wasp, <jats:italic>Anoplius samariensis<\/jats:italic>. It is active against Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacteria and is not hemolytic towards human erythrocytes. The present paper reports a structure\u2010activity study of anoplin based on 37 analogues including an Ala\u2010scan, <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\u2010 and <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010truncations, and single and multiple residue substitutions with various amino acids. The analogues were tested for antibacterial activity against both <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> ATCC 25923 and <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> ATCC 25922, and several potent antibacterial analogues were identified. The cytotoxicity of the analogues against human erythrocytes was assessed in a hemolytic activity assay. The antibacterial activity and selectivity of the analogues against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> varied considerably, depending on the hydrophobicity and position of the various substituted amino acids. In certain cases the selectivity for Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacteria was either reversed or altogether eliminated. In addition, it was generally found that antibacterial activity coincided with hemolytic activity. Copyright \u00a9 2004 European Peptide Society and John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/psc.598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,15]],"date-time":"2004-09-15T14:47:36Z","timestamp":1095259656000},"page":"113-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Structure\u2010activity relationship study of anoplin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Ifrah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Doisy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trine S.","family":"Ryge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul R.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm960294s"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2003.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd940"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/317490"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(98)80079-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-002-0213-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0964-8305(03)00042-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(98)80092-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"WHO Global Strategy for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance","author":"WHO","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/383219a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1071059"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(99)00005-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(02)02333-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000914"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/415389a"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.55.1.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-305X(99)00015-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00062752-200201000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(01)00502-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.2134"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M202089200"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3011.2002.21008.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2002.01398.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.2.549"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi035130"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.57.030502.090851"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3011.1997.tb01173.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-4838(01)00271-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)76013-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1033.2001.02494.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(88)90512-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","unstructured":"http:\/\/cmdr.ubc.ca\/bobh\/showmethod.Php? methodid = 42."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.5.1214-1219.1998","article-title":"Use of 3\u2010(4,5\u2010dimethylthiazol\u20102\u2010yl)\u20102,5\u2010diphenyl tetrazolium bromide for rapid detection of rifampin\u2010resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"36","author":"Mshana RN","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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