{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T13:05:42Z","timestamp":1789650342186,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002457","name":"Chosun University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002457","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Peptide Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The efficacy of antibiotics is increasingly limited by microbial resistance, necessitating the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. The combination of conventional antibiotics with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing antibacterial activity.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is an important foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis\u2014a severe invasive infection associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in pregnant women, neonates, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. (KW)\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    is a peptide composed of four repeats of lysine (Lys) and tryptophan (Trp), exhibiting both cationic and hydrophobic characteristics. Because of these structural properties, (KW)\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    reportedly exhibits antimicrobial activities. However, its combined effects with conventional antibiotics have not yet been investigated. Here, we evaluated the synergistic effects of (KW)\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    in combination with cefotaxime or tetracycline against\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . These combinations displayed synergistic antimicrobial activity, as determined by the fractional inhibitory concentration index, and were more effective at lower concentrations than the individual agents. The combination exerted sustained bactericidal effects for up to 12\u2009h and inhibited biofilm formation. No significant hemolytic activity or cytotoxicity was observed in RAW264.7 cells under the tested conditions. These results suggested that (KW)\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    has potential as an antibiotic adjuvant against\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/psc.70126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T23:30:01Z","timestamp":1787614201000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synergistic Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of (KW)\n                    <sub>4<\/sub>\n                    in Combination With Antibiotics Against\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jonggwan","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da Dam","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujin","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun Hee","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeongsun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanhyeok","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seokjin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioinformatics Kongju National University  Kongju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8717-3080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoonkyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute for Peptide Drugs (IPD) Chosun University  Gwangju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glmedi.2024.100081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00718-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2023.100800"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmic.2025.100127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.4c03197"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14111115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.5c02731"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.02115-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-012-1388-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-017-2518-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202300472"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026620666200303122626"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3011.1990.tb00939.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02473-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01121-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51730-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics8020060"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.953720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42906-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-025-01908-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01494-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","article-title":"Microtiter 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