{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:50:46Z","timestamp":1792065046251,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Peptide Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Broad\u2010spectrum insecticides persist in the environment, affecting non\u2010target organisms and selecting for resistant pest populations. In contrast, RNA interference (RNAi) achieves species\u2010targeted pest control triggered by the delivery of exogenous double\u2010stranded RNA (dsRNA), which is biodegradable and broken down into harmless components by nucleases. Sprayable applications require suitable formulation strategies for dsRNA protection during delivery. Here, we describe the preparation of dsRNA\u2010lipopeptide complexes (LPCs) composed of non\u2010toxic short\u2010chain lipopeptide surfactants by microfluidic mixing, yielding positively charged dispersions of LPCs &lt;\u2009200\u2009nm in diameter, which encapsulate and protect dsRNA from enzymatic degradation. Some lipopeptides were found to undergo thermo\u2010reversible gelation, self\u2010assembling to fibrillar nanostructures, but remained effective for dsRNA delivery to induce mortality in Colorado potato beetle larvae feeding on sprayed plants. Our results show that lipopeptide surfactants are suitable for the formulation of dsRNA to enable effective delivery to pest insects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/psc.70133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:13:04Z","timestamp":1790327584000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design of Lipopeptides and dsRNA\u2010Lipopeptide Complexes for Sprayable RNAi\u2010Based Plant Protection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Pascal","family":"Geisler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME  Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Steiniger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electron Microscopy Center, Jena University Hospital Friedrich Schiller University Jena  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8276-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Vilcinskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME  Giessen Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Insect Biotechnology Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University  Gie\u00dfen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8098-4551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Hellmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME  Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42398\u2010018\u201000032\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2019.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12135488"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2013.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat3466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fee.2160"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12050440"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115581"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agj2.21399"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.04.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305618110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010023\u201031032\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661\u2010010\u20101433\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.142036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.111334"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5620\/eaht.2023017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2015.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/arch.20043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","volume-title":"The Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database","author":"Mota\u2010Sanchez D.","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35888"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13744\u2010015\u20100291\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744\u20107917.2012.01513.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00553"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010\u2010013\u20100399\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects11070415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2025.119272"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.728652"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-2021-1390.ch005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201028793\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Advances in Insect Physiology 65","author":"V\u00e9lez A. 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