{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T18:41:11Z","timestamp":1777574471377,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CPT Pharmacom &amp;amp; Syst Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models have emerged as useful tools for evaluating the efficacy of Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapies. Bringing together a clinical focus with the mechanistic detail of systems biology, QSP models are well suited to the complexity of AD and have been used to predict treatment outcomes and support regulatory submissions. Therapies targeting the amyloid pathway are prominent in the AD clinical trial landscape, with anti\u2010amyloid monoclonal antibodies representing the first approved disease\u2010modifying therapies. To inform and facilitate future QSP model development, a systematic review of published QSP models focused on amyloid\u2010targeting therapies for AD was completed. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched on February 1, 2025, identifying 540 candidate publications. Predefined exclusion and inclusion criteria were applied to identify seven published AD QSP models used to simulate treatment effects for one or more anti\u2010amyloid therapies. The structure, development, and predictions of the models were summarized. Shared and contrasting model features were identified across included models. A set of model quality features was scored against a checklist of 15 criteria adapted from \u201cbest practice\u201d guidelines for QSP. Model quality scores were generally low, ranging from 40% to 53%. Key quality issues related to model validation and reproducibility were identified; in particular, none of the seven papers provided executable model code. This systematic review provides useful context to support ongoing efforts to develop and refine QSP models such that they may better inform therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/psp4.70223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T09:19:07Z","timestamp":1772961547000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Models of Anti\u2010Amyloid Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lara","family":"Herriott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematical Institute University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8079-9358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Coles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Fournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AC Immune SA  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eamonn","family":"Gaffney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematical Institute University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Wagg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AC Immune SA  Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-023-00633-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","article-title":"Lecanemab: European Drug Agency Rejects Alzheimer's Drug Amid Debate Over Efficacy and Safety","volume":"386","author":"Mahase E.","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research ed.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-022-03288-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","article-title":"Quantitative and Systems Pharmacology in the Post\u2010Genomic Era: New Approaches to Discovering Drugs and Understanding Therapeutic","author":"Sorger P. 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