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Despite common use of DOR and TTR in particular in single\u2010arm studies, the definition of these endpoints and the questions they are intended to answer remain unclear. Motivated by the estimand framework, we present relevant scientific questions of interest for DOR and TTR and propose corresponding estimand definitions. We elaborate on how to deal with relevant intercurrent events which should follow the same considerations as implemented for the primary response estimand. A case study in mantle cell lymphoma illustrates the implementation of relevant estimands of DOR and TTR. We close the paper with practical recommendations to implement DOR and TTR in clinical study protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.2340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T06:33:27Z","timestamp":1696314807000},"page":"91-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Duration of and time to response in oncology clinical trials from the perspective of the estimand framework"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3353-5979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans\u2010Jochen","family":"Weber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis AG  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4394-551X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Corson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phastar  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BeiGene  Ridgefield Park New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Mercier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hoffmann\u2010La Roche Ltd  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4001-3036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satrajit","family":"Roychoudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin Oliver","family":"Sailer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH &amp; Co. 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