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Ovid Medline, Pubmed and the Cochrane Library were searched for pharmacological and clinical evidence of herbal medicines with psychotropic activity. A forward search of later citations was also conducted. Whilst substantial high\u2010quality evidence exists for the use of kava and St John's wort in the treatment of anxiety and depression respectively, currently there is insufficient robust clinical evidence for the use of many other herbal medicines in psychiatric disorders. Phytotherapies which potentially have significant use in psychiatry, and urgently require more research are <jats:italic>Rhodiola rosea<\/jats:italic> (roseroot) and <jats:italic>Crocus sativus<\/jats:italic> (saffron) for depression; <jats:italic>Passiflora incarnata<\/jats:italic> (passionflower), <jats:italic>Scutellaria lateriflora<\/jats:italic> (scullcap) and <jats:italic>Zizyphus jujuba<\/jats:italic> (sour date) for anxiety disorders; and <jats:italic>Piper methysticum<\/jats:italic> (kava) for phobic, panic and obsessive\u2010compulsive disorders. While depression and anxiety are commonly researched, the efficacy of herbal medicines in other mental disorders requires attention. The review addresses current issues in herbal psychotherapy: herbal safety, future areas of application, the relationship of herbal medicine with pharmaceuticals and the potential prescriptive integration of phytomedicines with synthetic psychotropic medicines. Particular attention is given to clinical and safety issues with St John's wort and kava. Copyright \u00a9 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,11]],"date-time":"2007-06-11T15:17:24Z","timestamp":1181575044000},"page":"703-716","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Herbal medicines in the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a systematic 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