{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T08:46:02Z","timestamp":1697100362161},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,11]],"date-time":"2008-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1226361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Earlier pharmacological screening showed that siculine syrup (a traditional herbal remedy purported to be useful in the prevention and treatment of sickle cell pain \u2013 crises, due to sickle cell anaemia \u2013 SCA) had antisickling and analgesic activities as well as antimicrobial and diuretic effects. SCA is an important haemoglobinopathy in Africa and many other communities\/countries worldwide, with relatively high morbidity and mortality. The present study was to determine the effects of the extract on various isolated muscle preparations \u2013 smooth, skeletal and cardiovascular. Siculine (4\u201320 \u00b5g\/mL), like acetylcholine (40\u2013400 \u00b5g\/mL), contracted the isolated rat uterus concentration dependently. Similar effects were observed with the guinea\u2010pig ileum and rabbit jejunum (2\u201320 \u00b5g\/mL). In contrast to these effects, the direct (muscle) and indirect (nerve) stimulations of rat phrenic nerve\u2013diaphragm were relaxed by siculine (4 and 8 \u00b5g\/mL) and <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010tubocurarine (0.8 \u00b5g\/mL). Siculine also concentration\u2010dependently decreased both the rate and force of contraction of guinea\u2010pig atria and rabbit heart and also resulted in a fall in cat blood pressure in a manner similar to those of acetylcholine. The possible therapeutic and\/or toxicological consequences of these effects including the hypotensive activity is noteworthy since siculine syrup is used by the local population for the prevention and treatment of sickle cell pain crises. Copyright \u00a9 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,11]],"date-time":"2008-11-11T12:03:46Z","timestamp":1226405026000},"page":"236-240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pharmacological studies on siculine syrup. II: effects on smooth, skeletal and cardiovascular muscle preparations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"H. O.","family":"Kwanashie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. I.","family":"Ejiofor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Abdu\u2010Aguye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. N.","family":"Nkweteyim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. R.","family":"Olanipekun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1947.tb00316.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Pharmacology","author":"Ebadi M","year":"1996"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"176","article-title":"Pharmacological studies on siculine. 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