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In order to gain further insight into the therapeutic action of Gardeniae Fructus extract (GFE) and geniposide on ligament injuries, a new <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> model was developed in the present study. Rat hind ankle ligament fibroblasts (RHALFs) derived from Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were cultured, and the cell proliferation and collagen content were examined by MTT and a Sirius Red\u2010based colorimetric assay after stimulating with each drug. The cell growth of RHALFs was promoted by culturing with 37.5\u2013150 \u00b5g\/mL of GFE and 25\u2013200 \u00b5<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> of geniposide. The content of collagen in the RHALFs was significantly increased up to 131.4% and 124.2% of the control value by culturing with the GFE and geniposide, respectively. By contrast, both cell growth and collagen content were impaired by adding 25\u2013200 \u00b5<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> of diclofenac, one of the common medications for ligament injuries. The findings suggest that GFE and geniposide may ameliorate the treatment of ligament injuries by proliferating ligament fibroblasts and promoting the synthesis of collagen. However, the use of diclofenac to treat acute ligament injuries should be reassessed although it possesses a potential effect on relieving symptoms. Copyright \u00a9 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,13]],"date-time":"2009-05-13T15:03:15Z","timestamp":1242226995000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effects of gardeniae fructus extract and geniposide on promoting ligament cell proliferation and collagen synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Quan Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei Yun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HongJin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ik Soo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ui Joung","family":"Youn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Myung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MinKyun","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byung\u2010Sun","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KiHwan","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00243.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100140509"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195537060-00011","article-title":"Residual disability following acute ankle sprains","volume":"37","author":"Bosien WR","year":"1955","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.1990.tb10836.x","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac gel (Voltarol Emulgel) and felbinac gel (Traxam) in the treatment of soft tissue injuries","volume":"44","author":"Bouchier\u2010Hayes TA","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100140206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465010290062101"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.21.2684"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"66","volume-title":"Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China: Monographs, Part 1 Chinese Materia Medica, Oil, Fats, etc: Fructus Gardeniae","author":"Guo JX","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961030-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"350","article-title":"The role of nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs in the treatment of acute soft tissue injuries","volume":"32","author":"Hertel J","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90795-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-960980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173020-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-818978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678909149290"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.70B3.3372558","article-title":"Fibroblastic healing of grade II ligament injuries. 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