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Of the many drugs prescribed, several have been claimed to be efficient in small, uncontrolled studies, but the outcomes of treatments with these medicines are often contradictory. In New Caledonia, traditional remedies are commonly employed in the treatment of CFP and of the 90 plant species catalogued as useful in CFP, the most popular herbal remedy by far is a decoction prepared from the leaves of<jats:italic>Heliotropium foertherianum<\/jats:italic>Diane &amp; Hilger (Boraginaceae). Other important plants used in the treatment of CFP include<jats:italic>Euphorbia hirta<\/jats:italic>L. (Euphorbiaceae) and<jats:italic>Vitex<\/jats:italic>L. sp. (Lamiaceae). This review focuses on the evidence for efficacy of these species and pharmacological studies which support their use. Other plants used in CFP and the conventional treatment of CFP are also discussed briefly. 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