{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T08:57:45Z","timestamp":1790413065270,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,28]],"date-time":"2011-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1303948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20020503-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20020503-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Shikonin, a major component of <jats:italic>Lithospermum erythrorhizon<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Arnebia euchroma<\/jats:italic>, exhibits antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory and antitumour activities. Although many recent studies have focused on the antitumour effects of shikonin, the exact mechanisms underlying its antitumour and immunomodulatory effects in tumour\u2010bearing mice remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antitumour and immunomodulatory effects of shikonin derivatives (ShD) in tumour\u2010bearing mice. Swiss mice inoculated with hepatoma HepA<jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub> or sarcoma 180 (S<jats:sub>180<\/jats:sub>) cells were treated with ShD or 5\u2010fluorouracil (5Fu). Survival time, immune organs, natural killer cell activity, lymphocytes, lymphocyte transformation and interleukin (IL)\u20102 production were analysed. ShD significantly prolonged the survival (median survival time prolonged by &gt;7\u2009days) of tumour\u2010bearing mice in a dose\u2010dependent manner, inhibited the growth of transplantable neoplasms (inhibitory rate, &gt; 33%), and recovered (at [ShD]\u2009=\u20092.5\u2009mg\/kg\/day) or increased (at [ShD]\u2009&gt;\u20095\u2009mg\/kg\/day) the number of CD3\u2010 and CD19\u2010positive cells. ShD also played a role in protecting the immune organs from damage and reversed or enhanced immune responses, as noted by the nearly normal thymic structure; enlarged splenic corpuscles; and improved natural killer cell activity, lymphocyte transformation and IL\u20102 production in ShD\u2010treated mice. ShD reduced the tumour load of tumour\u2010bearing mice and protected the immune organs against tumour\u2010induced damage and immune function impairment. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,28]],"date-time":"2011-04-28T09:41:26Z","timestamp":1303983686000},"page":"26-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Shikonin Derivatives Protect Immune Organs from Damage and Promote Immune Responses <i>In Vivo<\/i> in Tumour\u2010bearing Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Su","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Clinical College Jilin University  Changchun 130021 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"GuangZhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial Cancer Institute Jilin Provincial Hospital of Cancer  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guan","family":"BaoJie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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