{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T05:00:59Z","timestamp":1789966859521,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]],"date-time":"2011-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1310428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The present report describes outcomes of animal studies conducted to determine the systemic and dermal toxicity of <jats:italic>Prunus cerasus<\/jats:italic> (sour cherry) seed kernel contents; and a separate evaluation of the photoprotective capacity of the kernel oil fraction. B6 mice and Hartley guinea\u2010pigs were used for these experiments. Dosage groups of 6\u20138 animals were administered whole kernel meal in a dose range of 0\u20133000\u2009mg\/kg by gavage for 8\u2009days, following which they were killed. The liver and kidney weights were recorded and histological examination performed on sections of these organs. Kidney function was assessed as blood urea nitrogen and creatinine and liver function by measurement of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Dermal toxicity was evaluated in a Hartley guinea\u2010pig model by comparing UVB\u2010irradiated shaved skin to which the kernel oil had been applied with distilled water controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In conclusion, no evidence of toxicity was observed to result from the consumption or dermal application of sour cherry seed kernel in the dose range at which it is likely to be used in foods or healthcare. Moreover, it was shown to have a powerful capacity to protect skin from UV damage. These results suggest it will prove to be a highly safe and effective addition to a wide range of products for general use. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]],"date-time":"2011-07-12T14:10:16Z","timestamp":1310479816000},"page":"1714-1720","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Evaluation of Systemic and Dermal Toxicity and Dermal Photoprotection by Sour Cherry Kernels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Istvan","family":"Bak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Czompa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelin","family":"Csepanyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bela","family":"Juhasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heibatullah","family":"Kalantari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Research Center of Medicinal Plants Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences  Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khadija","family":"Najm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Research Center of Medicinal Plants Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences  Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasreen","family":"Aghel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Research Center of Medicinal Plants Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences  Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balazs","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David D.","family":"Haines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cell Biology University of Connecticut  Storrs CT USA"},{"name":"Summative Synergy Products Group LLC  Chandler Arizona 85286 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpad","family":"Tosaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01243.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.252626999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/35.8.1802"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.22.3_161"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(97)00026-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80103-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000242336.58387.1f"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Effects of urea loading in patients with far\u2010advanced renal failure","volume":"47","author":"Johnson WJ","year":"1972","journal-title":"Mayo Clinic Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"585","article-title":"Modelling cortical cataractogenesis XX. 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