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When administered at 25, 50 and 100\u2009mg\/kg doses, the extract decreased the total number of head\u2010dipping behaviours performed by mice during a hole\u2010board test. Administration of both the extract and diazepam (2\u2009mg\/kg) reduced spontaneous locomotory activity, potentiated hexobarbital (60\u2009mg\/kg)\u2010induced sleeping parameters and prevented pentylenetetrazole (80\u2009mg\/kg)\u2010induced seizures relative to the controls. These findings are the first to indicate the sedative and anticonvulsant activities of <jats:italic>H. montbretti<\/jats:italic> extract. Atropine (2\u2009mg\/kg) and naloxone (5\u2009mg\/kg) pre\u2010treatment did not reverse the sedative effect, indicating that muscarinic and opioidergic mechanisms did not contribute to the pharmacological action. However, pre\u2010treatment with flumazenil (a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist) reversed both the sedative and anticonvulsant effects induced by a 100\u2009mg\/kg dose of the extract, indicating the involvement of the GABA(A)\u2010benzodiazepine receptor complex. In conclusion, <jats:italic>H. montbretti<\/jats:italic> extract is a novel candidate as a sedative and anticonvulsant drug for the treatment of sleep disorders and for the prevention of epileptic seizures. 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