{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T14:16:01Z","timestamp":1782224161735,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]],"date-time":"2013-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30973928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30973928"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81173375"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81173375"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Total flavonoids of <jats:italic>Epimedium<\/jats:italic> (TFE) is the main active composition of <jats:italic>Epimedium<\/jats:italic> that has been used to treat male reproductive problems. The present aim was to investigate the protective effects of TFE on male mice reproductive system against cyclophosphamide (CP)\u2010induced oxidative injury. The animals were treated with CP to make testicular injury model and the protective effects of TFE were observed. In the CP\u2010treated group, testicular and epididymal weights, sperm count and motility significantly decreased relative to the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively). Compared with the CP\u2010treated group, TFE (200 and 400\u2009mg\/kg) treated mice increased testicular weights by 21.6% and 28.4% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), sperm counts by 81.7% and 148.3% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and sperm motility by 47.2% and 61.3% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Meanwhile, the CP\u2010treated group showed enhancement of lipid peroxidation leading to testicular reproductive toxicity. TFE restored these oxidative damages by up\u2010regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes, especially SOD3 and GPX1. TUNEL assay and histopathological observations provided supportive evidence for above results, and when the dose of TFE increased, the aforesaid improvement became more and more strong. These results demonstrated that TFE exerted beneficially protective effects on the structural and functional damage of male mice reproductive system and reduced apoptosis in spermatogenic cells by inhibiting CP\u2010induced oxidative stress. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,13]],"date-time":"2013-03-13T23:20:34Z","timestamp":1363216834000},"page":"88-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Protective Effects of Total Flavonoids from <i>Epimedium<\/i> on the Male Mouse Reproductive System Against Cyclophosphamide\u2010Induced Oxidative Injury by Up\u2010Regulating the Expressions of SOD3 and GPX1"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ding","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of China Three Gorges University  Yichang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of China Three Gorges University  Yichang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development China Three Gorges University  Yichang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangliang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Yichang First People's Hospital  Yichang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of China Three Gorges University  Yichang P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of China Three Gorges University  Yichang P. R. 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