{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T19:18:27Z","timestamp":1780687107268,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,2]],"date-time":"2014-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Kielmeyera rugosa<\/jats:italic>is a medicinal plant known in Northeastern Brazil as \u2018pau\u2010santo\u2019, and it is used in the treatment of several tropical diseases such as malaria, schistosomiasis, and leishmaniasis. We evaluated antihyperalgesic and anti\u2010inflammatory activities of methanol stem extract of<jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>.\u2009<jats:italic>rugosa<\/jats:italic>(MEKR) in mice. The mechanical hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan and tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1), prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and dopamine were assessed. We also investigated the anti\u2010inflammatory effect of MEKR on carrageenan\u2010induced pleurisy and paw edema. Ninety minutes after the treatment, the animals were submitted to an imunofluorescence for Fos protein. MEKR (100, 200, and 400\u2009mg\/kg; p.o.) inhibited the development of mechanical hypernociception and edema. MEKR significantly decreased TNF\u2010\u03b1 and interleukin 1\u03b2 levels in pleural lavage and suppressed the recruitment of leukocytes. MEKR (1, 10, and 100\u2009mg\/mL) did not produce cytotoxicity, determined using the methyl\u2010thiazolyl\u2010tetrazolium assay<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. The locomotor activity was not affected. MEKR activated significantly the bulb olfactory, piriform cortex, and periaqueductal gray of the central nervous system. Our results provide first time evidence to propose that MEKR attenuates mechanical hyperalgesia and inflammation, in part, through an activation of central nervous system areas, mainly the periaqueductal gray and piriform cortex areas. 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