{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:31:06Z","timestamp":1790958666773,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81303246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81303246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To further explore the underlying antidepressant mechanism of ginseng total saponins (GTS), this study observed the effects on hippocampal astrocyte structural plasticity and hippocampal volume in the corticosterone\u2010induced mouse depression model. Corticosterone (20\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) was administered subcutaneously for 5\u00a0weeks, and GTS (12.5, 25, and 50\u00a0mg\/kg\/day; namely GTSL, GTSM, and GTSH) or fluoxetine (10\u00a0mg\/kg\/day) were given intragastrically during the last 3\u00a0weeks. On day 33 and day 34, depression\u2010like behavior was observed via a forced swimming test and a tail suspension test, respectively. At 6\u00a0h after the last dose of corticosterone (day 35), all mice were sacrificed followed by serum corticosterone assays, stereological analysis of hippocampal glial fibrillary acidic protein\u2010positive (GFAP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) astroctyes and hippocampal volume, and hippocampal glycogen tests. Results showed that all doses of GTS ameliorated depression\u2010like behavior and the decrease in hippocampal glycogen without normalizing hypercortisolism. Moreover, GTSH and GTSM reversed the corticosterone\u2010induced reduction in the total number of hippocampal GFAP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> astrocytes and hippocampal volume. Additionally, GTSH alleviated the diminished protrusion length and somal volume of GFAP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> astrocytes induced by corticosterone. These findings imply that the effects of GTS on corticosterone\u2010induced depression\u2010like behavior may be mediated partly through the protection to hippocampal astrocyte structural plasticity. Copyright \u00a9 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T05:50:36Z","timestamp":1498629036000},"page":"1341-1348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Preventive Effects of Ginseng Total Saponins on Chronic Corticosterone\u2010Induced Impairment in Astrocyte Structural Plasticity and Hippocampal Atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Life Sciences Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Life Sciences Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi\u2010Xuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Life Sciences Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Guo","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Life Sciences Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Fang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Life Sciences Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4944-8765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Nan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Life Sciences Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing 210023 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2190-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2741-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2015.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-014-9588-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ChenL DaiJ WangZ ZhangH HuangY ZhaoY.2014.Ginseng total saponins reverse corticosterone\u2010induced changes in depression\u2010like behavior and hippocampal plasticity\u2010related proteins by interfering with GSK\u20103\u03b2\u2010CREB signaling pathway. 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