{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T19:57:05Z","timestamp":1788638225740,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Ginkgo biloba<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    L., well known as living fossil, have various pharmacological activities. Eighteen compounds were isolated from\n                    <jats:italic>Ginkgo<\/jats:italic>\n                    male flowers including a novel matsutake alcohol glycoside, Ginkgoside A (\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), and 17 known compounds\u2014calaliukiuenoside (\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), benzylalcohol\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\u03b1\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010arabinopyranosyl\u2010(1\u00a0\u2192\u00a06)\u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucopyranoside (\n                    <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), amentoflavone (\n                    <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), sciadopitysin (\n                    <jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), bilobetin (\n                    <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), isoginkgetin (\n                    <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), olivil 4\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucopyranoside (\n                    <jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol\u20104\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucoside (\n                    <jats:bold>9<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), (+)\u2010cyclo\u2010olivil\u20106\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucopyranoside (\n                    <jats:bold>10<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), (\u2212)\u2010isolariciresinol 4\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucopyranoside (\n                    <jats:bold>11<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), coniferin (\n                    <jats:bold>12<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), trans\u2010cinnamic acid\u20104\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucopyranoside (\n                    <jats:bold>13<\/jats:bold>\n                    ),\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010coumaryl alchol glucoside (\n                    <jats:bold>14<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), stroside B (\n                    <jats:bold>15<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), methylconiferin (\n                    <jats:bold>16<\/jats:bold>\n                    ),\n                    <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010coumaric acid 4\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010glucopyranoside (\n                    <jats:bold>17<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), and\n                    <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010coniferin (\n                    <jats:bold>18<\/jats:bold>\n                    ). Thirteen of these compounds had not previously found in\n                    <jats:italic>Ginkgo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . All extractive fractions and isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti\u2010inflammatory ability in the lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced RAW264.7 macrophages. The ethanol extract of\n                    <jats:italic>Ginkgo<\/jats:italic>\n                    flowers and the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions can significantly decrease nitric oxide (NO), interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), and prostaglandin E\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (PGE\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) production at 100\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml. The most effective compounds, bilobetin (\n                    <jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) and isoginkgetin (\n                    <jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>\n                    ), elevated the NO inhibition ratios to 80.19% and 82.37% at 50\u00a0\u03bcM, respectively. They also exhibited significant dose\u2010dependent inhibitory effects on tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106, PGE\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , inducible NO synthase mRNA, and cyclooxygenase\u20102 mRNA levels. So they can be promising candidates for the development of new anti\u2010inflammatory agents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]],"date-time":"2019-01-29T12:36:03Z","timestamp":1548765363000},"page":"989-997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Anti\u2010inflammatory effects of chemical components from\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Ginkgo biloba<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    L. male flowers on lipopolysaccharide\u2010stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7109-2120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junxing","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10600-013-0431-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199912000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9371602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8621"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"1402","article-title":"Chemical constituents of Phymatopteris hastate and their antioxidant activity","volume":"37","author":"Duan S. 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