{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T21:28:39Z","timestamp":1790630919607,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]],"date-time":"2019-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to study the efficacy and safety of chamomile for the treatment of state anxiety, generalized anxiety disorders (GADs), sleep quality, and insomnia in human. Eleven databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Central, and Scopus were searched to retrieve relevant randomized control trials (RCTs), and 12 RCTs were included. Random effect meta\u2010analysis was performed by meta package of R statistical software version 3.4.3 and RevMan version 5.3. Our meta\u2010analysis of three RCTs did not show any difference in case of anxiety (standardized mean difference\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.15, 95% CI [\u22120.46, 0.16], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.4214). Moreover, there is only one RCT that evaluated the effect of chamomile on insomnia and it found no significant change in insomnia severity index (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). By using HAM\u2010A scale, there was a significant improvement in GAD after 2 and 4\u00a0weeks of treatment (mean difference\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.43, 95% CI [\u22122.47, \u22120.39], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.007), (MD\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.79, 95% CI [\u22123.14, \u22120.43], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0097), respectively. Noteworthy, our meta\u2010analysis showed a significant improvement in sleep quality after chamomile administration (standardized mean difference\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.73, 95% CI [\u22121.23, \u22120.23], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.005). Mild adverse events were only reported by three RCTs. Chamomile appears to be efficacious and safe for sleep quality and GAD. Little evidence is there to show its effect on anxiety and insomnia. Larger RCTs are needed to ascertain these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T06:21:19Z","timestamp":1555914079000},"page":"1604-1615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Therapeutic efficacy and safety of chamomile for state anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia, and sleep quality: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized trials and quasi\u2010randomized trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6846-8369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Truong Hong","family":"Hieu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Medicine of Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City  Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam"},{"name":"Online Research Club (http:\/\/www.onlineresearchclub.org)  Nagasaki 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