{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T17:10:57Z","timestamp":1787850657532,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81660726"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81660726"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, has been, by and large, correlated to insulin pathway, glucose level, and energy metabolism in the brain. Intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin (ICV\u2010STZ) leads to glucose and energy metabolism dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and increased oxidative stress in the brain. Acteoside has a myriad of pharmacological effects on the brain, namely, neuroprotection and recuperation of cognitive functions. The primary focus of the current study was to examine the effect of acteoside on insulin, glucose transport, and energy metabolism in the hippocampal area of the brain. The behavioral experiments such as spatial memory, active learning, and passive memory suggested that acetoside ameliorated the ICV\u2010STZ\u2010induced learning and cognitive impairment. The acteoside induced increase in the protein expression of glucose transporters (Glu T1, Glu T3, and Glu T4), glucose, and insulin levels in the hippocampus for maintaining normal learning and memory function were demonstrated by Western blot. In addition, acteoside's long\u2010term oral administration increased the the ratio of ATP content divided by ADP content (ATP\/ADP) ratio, which, in turn, reduced the reactiveoxygen species (ROS) level and improved the cellular oxidative stress response. Compared with the model group, the above results show significant differences in different degrees (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05 or <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01). This study suggests that acteoside can ameliorate the ICV\u2010STZ\u2010induced learning and memory impairment caused due to insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate 1, Glu T1, Glu T3, and Glu T4 pathways by triggering intracerebral metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T06:09:43Z","timestamp":1602137383000},"page":"392-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Acteoside\u2010improved streptozotocin\u2010induced learning and memory impairment by upregulating hippocampal insulin, glucose transport, and energy metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4433-3926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Shihezi University  Shihezi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Medicine Institute of Uygur Medicine  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Shihezi University  Shihezi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy Xinjiang Medical University  Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy Xinjiang Medical University  Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy Xinjiang Medical University  Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Shihezi University  Shihezi China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Medicine Institute of Uygur Medicine  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2009.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-019-00681-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(97)00231-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180623"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2011.01318.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-013-1408-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S86463"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.090157"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.01.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2003.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5357"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.04368.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199501000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology","author":"Jackson A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9384-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.112.5.1199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.296"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2019.112689"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-5364(17)30093-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","first-page":"328","article-title":"Effects of acteoside on cognitive behavior and LTP of mice induced by streptozotocin injection of lateral ventricle","volume":"40","author":"Ma D. D.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Xinjiang Medical University"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-57642015DN92000003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02621"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2014.06.008"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","first-page":"897","article-title":"Morris water maze experiment","volume":"24","author":"Nu\u00f1ez J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(99)00220-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9672-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"The selfish brain: Competition for energy resources","volume":"23","author":"Peters A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-5748(93)90021-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2005-8304"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-73574-9_28"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2012.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(00)01005-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410350507"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107073199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2005-7107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160841"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59903"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1731-05.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","first-page":"504","article-title":"Effect of polysaccharides of Cistanche deserticola on learning and memory ability and oxygen stress of model rats with Alzhermer's disease","volume":"6","author":"Yin G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal Apoplexy Ner Disease"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","first-page":"1081","article-title":"Effect of polysaccharides of Cistanche deserticola on immune cells and telomerase activity in aging mice","volume":"46","author":"Zhang H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.49.34893"}],"container-title":["Phytotherapy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.6811","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ptr.6811","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ptr.6811","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T13:02:51Z","timestamp":1693746171000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ptr.6811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ptr.6811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.6811","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-418X","1099-1573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-418X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}